Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
Department of Cancer Experiences Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2019 Feb 12;7(2):e12281. doi: 10.2196/12281.
Nutrition and physical activity interventions are important components of cancer care. With an increasing demand for services, there is a need to consider flexible, easily accessible, and tailored models of care while maintaining optimal outcomes.
This systematic review describes and appraises the efficacy of technology-supported self-guided nutrition and physical activity interventions for people with cancer.
A systematic search of multiple databases from 1973 to July 2018 was conducted for randomized and nonrandomized trials investigating technology-supported self-guided nutrition and physical activity interventions. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Outcomes included behavioural, health-related, clinical, health service, or financial measures.
Sixteen randomized controlled trials representing 2684 participants were included. Most studies were web-based interventions (n=9) and had a 12-week follow-up duration (n=8). Seven studies assessed dietary behaviour, of which two reported a significant benefit on diet quality or fruit and vegetable intake. Fifteen studies measured physical activity behaviour, of which eight studies reported a significant improvement in muscle strength and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Four of the nine studies assessing the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) reported a significant improvement in global HRQoL or a domain subscale. A significant improvement in fatigue was found in four of six studies. Interpretation of findings was influenced by inadequate reporting of intervention description and compliance.
This review identified short-term benefits of technology-supported self-guided interventions on the physical activity level and fatigue and some benefit on dietary behaviour and HRQoL in people with cancer. However, current literature demonstrates a lack of evidence for long-term benefit.
PROSPERO CRD42017080346; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=80346.
营养和身体活动干预是癌症护理的重要组成部分。随着服务需求的增加，需要考虑灵活、易于获得和量身定制的护理模式，同时保持最佳效果。
本系统评价描述并评估了技术支持的自我指导营养和身体活动干预措施在癌症患者中的疗效。
从 1973 年至 2018 年 7 月，对多项数据库进行了系统检索，以查找技术支持的自我指导营养和身体活动干预的随机和非随机试验。使用 Cochrane 偏倚风险工具评估偏倚风险。结果包括行为、健康相关、临床、卫生服务或财务指标。
纳入了 16 项随机对照试验，共 2684 名参与者。大多数研究为基于网络的干预（n=9），随访时间为 12 周（n=8）。有 7 项研究评估了饮食行为，其中 2 项报告了饮食质量或水果和蔬菜摄入量的显著改善。有 15 项研究测量了身体活动行为，其中 8 项研究报告了肌肉力量和中等到剧烈身体活动的显著改善。在评估健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）的 9 项研究中有 4 项报告了全球 HRQoL 或领域子量表的显著改善。有 4 项研究中有 6 项报告了疲劳的显著改善。对干预描述和依从性的报告不足影响了对结果的解释。
本综述确定了技术支持的自我指导干预在癌症患者的身体活动水平和疲劳方面的短期益处，以及在饮食行为和 HRQoL 方面的一些益处。然而，目前的文献表明缺乏长期益处的证据。
PROSPERO CRD42017080346；https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php？RecordID=80346。
