Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Viruses. 2019 Feb 12;11(2):151. doi: 10.3390/v11020151.
Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. HuNoV infections lead to substantial societal and economic burdens. There are currently no licensed vaccines or therapeutics for the prevention or treatment of HuNoVs. A lack of well-characterized and infection models has limited the development of HuNoV countermeasures. Experimental infection of human volunteers and the use of related viruses such as murine NoV have provided helpful insights into HuNoV biology and vaccine and therapeutic development. There remains a need for robust animal models and reverse genetic systems to further HuNoV research. This review summarizes available HuNoV animal models and reverse genetic systems, while providing insight into their usefulness for vaccine and therapeutic development.
人类诺如病毒（HuNoVs）是全球急性胃肠炎的主要原因。HuNoV 感染会导致巨大的社会和经济负担。目前尚无针对 HuNoVs 的预防或治疗的许可疫苗或疗法。缺乏特征明确和感染模型限制了 HuNoV 对策的开发。人类志愿者的实验感染以及相关病毒（如鼠诺如病毒）的使用为 HuNoV 生物学以及疫苗和治疗方法的开发提供了有价值的见解。仍然需要强大的动物模型和反向遗传系统来进一步研究 HuNoV。本文综述了现有的 HuNoV 动物模型和反向遗传系统，并探讨了它们在疫苗和治疗开发方面的应用。
