吸烟和电子烟使用与成年人喘息和相关呼吸道症状的关联：来自人口评估烟草和健康（PATH）研究的横断面结果，第 2 波。
Association of smoking and electronic cigarette use with wheezing and related respiratory symptoms in adults: cross-sectional results from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study, wave 2.
机构信息
Department of Clinical & Translational Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.
Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA.
出版信息
Tob Control. 2020 Mar;29(2):140-147. doi: 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054694. Epub 2019 Feb 13.
BACKGROUND
Wheezing is a symptom of potential respiratory disease and known to be associated with smoking. Electronic cigarette use ('vaping') has increased exponentially in recent years. This study examined the cross-sectional association of vaping with wheezing and related respiratory symptoms and compare this association with smokers and dual users.
METHODS
The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study wave 2 data collected from October 2014 to October 2015 with 28 171 adults were used. The cross-sectional association of vaping with self-reported wheezing and related respiratory symptoms relative to smokers and dual users of tobacco and electronic cigarettes were studied using multivariable logistic and cumulative logistic regression models with consideration of complex sampling design.
RESULTS
Among the 28 171 adult participants, 641 (1.2%) were current vapers who used e-cigarettes exclusively, 8525 (16.6%) were current exclusive smokers, 1106 (2.0%) were dual users and 17 899 (80.2%) were non-users. Compared with non-users, risks of wheezing and related respiratory symptoms were significantly increased in current vapers (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.67, 95% CI: 1.23 to 2.15). Current vapers had significantly lower risk in wheezing and related respiratory symptoms compared with current smokers (aOR=0.68, 95% CI: 0.53 to 0.87). No significant differences were found between dual users and current smokers in risk of wheezing and related respiratory symptoms (aOR=1.06, 95% CI: 0.91 to 1.24).
CONCLUSIONS
Vaping was associated with increased risk of wheezing and related respiratory symptoms. Current vapers had lower risk in wheezing and related respiratory symptoms than current smokers or dual users but higher than non-users. Both dual use and smoking significantly increased the risk of wheezing and related respiratory symptoms.
背景
喘息是潜在呼吸道疾病的症状，已知与吸烟有关。电子烟的使用（“ vaping ”）近年来呈指数级增长。本研究调查了 vaping 与喘息和相关呼吸道症状的横断面关联，并将这种关联与吸烟者和电子烟与烟草的双重使用者进行了比较。
方法
使用 2014 年 10 月至 2015 年 10 月收集的人群烟草和健康评估研究第二波数据，其中包括 28171 名成年人。使用多变量逻辑回归和累积逻辑回归模型，考虑到复杂的抽样设计，研究了与吸烟者和电子烟与烟草的双重使用者相比，vaping 与自我报告的喘息和相关呼吸道症状的横断面关联。
结果
在 28171 名成年参与者中，有 641 人（1.2%）是目前只使用电子烟的 vapers，8525 人（16.6%）是目前只吸烟的吸烟者，1106 人（2.0%）是双重使用者，17899 人（80.2%）是非使用者。与非使用者相比，当前 vapers 喘息和相关呼吸道症状的风险显著增加（调整后的比值比（aOR）=1.67，95%置信区间：1.23 至 2.15）。与当前吸烟者相比，当前 vapers 喘息和相关呼吸道症状的风险显著降低（aOR=0.68，95%置信区间：0.53 至 0.87）。双重使用者与当前吸烟者在喘息和相关呼吸道症状的风险方面没有发现显著差异（aOR=1.06，95%置信区间：0.91 至 1.24）。
结论
vaping 与喘息和相关呼吸道症状的风险增加有关。当前 vapers 喘息和相关呼吸道症状的风险低于当前吸烟者或双重使用者，但高于非使用者。双重使用和吸烟都会显著增加喘息和相关呼吸道症状的风险。
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