Department of Preventive Medicine.
Department of Behavioral Science, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.
Health Psychol. 2019 Mar;38(3):238-247. doi: 10.1037/hea0000714.
Momentary affect and stress in mothers and their children may be an important predictor of food intake in the natural environment. This study hypothesized that there would be parallel actor and partner effects such that mothers' and children's negative affect (NA), positive affect (PA), and ability to cope with stress would be associated with their own and the other dyad member's unhealthy and healthy food intake in a similar pattern.
Participants included 202 mother-child dyads (child age range = 8-12 years) who responded to randomly prompted ecological momentary assessment surveys via smartphone up to 7 times per day over 8 days, excluding time at school. At each prompt, mothers and children reported on their current NA, PA, and ability to cope with stress and foods consumed in the past 2 hr.
Mothers' momentary ability to cope with stress predicted their own and their child's pastries/sweets intake and their own fries/chips intake, and children's momentary ability to cope with stress predicted their own pastries/sweets intake. Mothers and children who reported higher NA on average consumed more pastries/sweets, and children with higher NA on average consumed more fast food. Finally, mothers' momentary PA predicted their own fruit/vegetable consumption.
Findings provided evidence that the affect and ability to cope with stress of children and mothers predicted subsequent food intake. Given both actor and partner effects, the results show that targeting momentary mothers' and children's ability to cope with stress may have the greatest effect on reducing unhealthy food intake. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
母亲及其孩子的即时情绪和压力可能是自然环境下食物摄入的一个重要预测因素。本研究假设，母亲和孩子的负性情绪（NA）、正性情绪（PA）和应对压力的能力会对自己和对方的不健康和健康食物摄入产生类似的影响，存在着平行的演员和伴侣效应。
参与者包括 202 对母婴（儿童年龄范围为 8-12 岁），他们通过智能手机每天最多接受 7 次随机提示的生态瞬间评估调查，上学时间除外。在每次提示中，母亲和孩子报告了他们当前的 NA、PA 和应对压力的能力，以及过去 2 小时内食用的食物。
母亲的即时应对压力能力预测了他们自己和孩子的糕点/糖果摄入量，以及他们自己的薯条/薯片摄入量，孩子的即时应对压力能力预测了他们自己的糕点/糖果摄入量。平均而言，NA 较高的母亲和孩子会摄入更多的糕点/糖果，NA 较高的孩子平均会摄入更多的快餐。最后，母亲的即时 PA 预测了他们自己的水果/蔬菜摄入量。
研究结果提供了证据表明，儿童和母亲的情绪和应对压力的能力可以预测随后的食物摄入。考虑到演员和伴侣的双重效应，结果表明，针对母亲和孩子的即时应对压力能力可能是减少不健康食物摄入的最有效方法。（APA，所有权利保留）。
