Common Polymorphisms Linked to Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease in Europeans and Asians are Associated with Type 2 Diabetes in Mexican Mestizos.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a major problem of public health in Mexico. We investigated the influence of five polymorphisms, previously associated with obesity and cardiovascular disease in Europeans and Asians, on T2D in Mexican Mestizos. A total of 1358 subjects from 30 to 85 years old were genotyped for five loci: rs501120; rs1333049; rs2259816; rs9939609; and rs7799039. We used logistic regressions to test the effect of each locus on T2D in two case⁻control groups with obesity and without obesity. Also, linear regression models on glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were carried out on the whole sample, adjusted by age, gender, and body mass index. The rs501120 C allele (OR = 1.96, = 0.02), the rs9939609 A allele (OR = 2.20, = 0.04) and the rs7799039 A allele (OR = 0.6, = 0.03) were significantly associated with T2D in obesity case⁻control group. No significant association was found in the non-obesity case⁻control group. The linear regression model showed that rs1333049 C allele (β = 0.4, = 0.03) and rs9939609 A allele (β = 0.5, = 0.03), were significantly associated with HbA1c, but no association was found among the loci with the glucose levels. Polymorphisms previously linked with obesity and cardiovascular events were also associated with T2D and high levels of HbA1c. Furthermore, we must point at the fact that this is the first report where polymorphisms rs501120 and rs7799039 are associated with T2D in subjects with obesity.