Hollingsworth C R, Motteberg C D, Wiersma J V, Atkinson L M
University of Minnesota, Northwest Research and Outreach Center and Department of Plant Pathology.
University of Minnesota, Northwest Research and Outreach Center, Crookston, MN 56716.
Plant Dis. 2008 Sep;92(9):1339-1348. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-92-9-1339.
Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) crop losses in the Red River Valley of Minnesota and North Dakota caused by Fusarium head blight (FHB) epidemics incited by Fusarium graminearum are common. Fungicide application is often recommended when environments promote disease development but benefits have not been fully evaluated when environment, cultivar resistance, and economic outcome are considered. Agronomic and economic characters were determined for cultivars with various resistance levels when treated with no fungicide; propiconazole at 63 g active ingredient (a.i.)/ha applied at Feekes growth stage (FGS) 2, tebuconazole at 126 g a.i./ha applied at FGS 10.51, or propiconazole at 63 g a.i./ha applied at FGS 2 followed by tebuconazole at 126 g a.i./ha applied at FGS 10.51. Revenue returned from FHB moderately susceptible (MS) cultivars was 8% greater than moderately resistant (MR) cultivars in low-disease environs but differences were not significant when disease was moderate. Deoxynivalenol accumulation in grain of MS and MR cultivars was unchanged by fungicide treatment. MS cultivars were economically more adventitious to grow than MR cultivars in both disease environments.
由禾谷镰刀菌引发的赤霉病疫情导致明尼苏达州和北达科他州红河谷地区的春小麦（普通小麦）作物损失屡见不鲜。在有利于病害发展的环境下，通常建议施用杀菌剂，但综合考虑环境、品种抗性和经济结果时，其益处尚未得到充分评估。测定了不同抗性水平的品种在不施用杀菌剂、在费克斯生长阶段（FGS）2施用63克活性成分（a.i.）/公顷的丙环唑、在FGS 10.51施用126克a.i./公顷的戊唑醇，或在FGS 2施用63克a.i./公顷的丙环唑，随后在FGS 10.51施用126克a.i./公顷的戊唑醇处理下的农艺和经济性状。在低病害环境中，赤霉病中度敏感（MS）品种的收益比中度抗性（MR）品种高8%，但病害中等时差异不显著。杀菌剂处理对MS和MR品种籽粒中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的积累没有影响。在两种病害环境下，种植MS品种在经济上都比种植MR品种更有利。
