Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Innovation in Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa KIH 8M5, Canada.
Genomics. 2020 Jan;112(1):243-251. doi: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.02.003. Epub 2019 Feb 14.
The avian embryo develops within a specialized biological container (eggshell) that contains crucial nutritional compartments (albumen, yolk). We analyzed the transcriptome of ovary and three segments of oviduct, including magnum, isthmus and uterus in the chicken during egg formation. RNA-Seq libraries (42 in total) for ovary and three different parts of the oviduct were sequenced for two different phases of egg formation. We obtained 8365 novel transcripts with an mRNA length longer than 200 bp; of these, 6832 were long intergenic non-coding RNA transcripts. We identified 547 differentially expressed genes in magnum (actively secreting albumen versus inactive) and 585 in uterus (active eggshell calcification versus quiescent). By combining QTL, transcriptome and proteome data, we obtained high quality gene lists for chicken egg formation. This is the first study to describe the ovary and oviduct transcriptomes by mRNA sequencing, and to elucidate the global repertoire of functional genes involved in egg formation.
禽类胚胎在一个专门的生物容器（蛋壳）内发育，该容器包含关键的营养隔室（蛋清、蛋黄）。我们分析了鸡在卵形成过程中卵巢和输卵管三个部分（包括输卵管膨大部、输卵管峡部和子宫）的转录组。总共为卵巢和输卵管的三个不同部分测序了 42 个 RNA-Seq 文库，以研究卵形成的两个不同阶段。我们获得了 8365 个新的转录本，其 mRNA 长度长于 200bp；其中 6832 个是长基因间非编码 RNA 转录本。我们在输卵管膨大部（活跃分泌蛋清与不活跃）和子宫（活跃蛋壳钙化与静止）中分别鉴定到 547 个和 585 个差异表达基因。通过结合 QTL、转录组和蛋白质组数据，我们获得了用于鸡卵形成的高质量基因列表。这是首次通过 mRNA 测序描述卵巢和输卵管转录组，并阐明参与卵形成的功能基因的整体基因库。
