Schulz Katharina, Pöhlmann Christopher, Dietrich Richard, Märtlbauer Erwin, Elßner Thomas
Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Leipzig, Germany.
Department of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
Front Chem. 2019 Feb 1;7:31. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00031. eCollection 2019.
Phycotoxins and mycotoxins, such as paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins, type A trichothecenes, and aflatoxins are among the most toxic low molecular weight toxins associated with human poisoning incidents through the consumption of naturally contaminated food. Therefore, there is an utmost need for rapid and sensitive on-site detection systems. Herein, an electrochemical biochip for fast detection of saxitoxin, T-2 toxin as well as aflatoxin M1 and their corresponding congeners, respectively, using a portable and fully automated detection platform (pBDi, portable BioDetector integrated) was developed. Toxin analysis is facilitated upon the biochip via an indirect competitive immunoassay using toxin-specific antibodies combined with anti-idiotypic antibodies. The developed biochips enable detection in the low ng/mL-range within 17 min. Moreover, the assays cover a wide linear working range of 2-3 orders of magnitude above the limit of detection with an inter-chip coefficient of variation lower than 15%. The broad specificity of the employed antibodies which react with a large number of congeners within the respective toxin group allows efficient screening of contaminated samples for the presence of these low molecular weight toxins. With respect to the analysis of human urine samples, we focused here on the detection of saxitoxin, HT-2 toxin, and aflatoxin M1, all known as biomarkers of acute toxin exposure. Overall, it was proved that the developed biochip assays can be used to rapidly and reliably identify severe intoxications caused by these low molecular weight toxins.
藻毒素和霉菌毒素，如麻痹性贝类中毒毒素、A型单端孢霉烯族毒素和黄曲霉毒素，是与人类因食用天然污染食物而中毒事件相关的毒性最强的低分子量毒素之一。因此，迫切需要快速灵敏的现场检测系统。在此，开发了一种电化学生物芯片，用于分别使用便携式全自动检测平台（pBDi，便携式生物探测器集成系统）快速检测石房蛤毒素、T-2毒素以及黄曲霉毒素M1及其相应的同系物。通过使用毒素特异性抗体与抗独特型抗体结合的间接竞争免疫测定法，在生物芯片上便于进行毒素分析。所开发的生物芯片能够在17分钟内检测出低至纳克/毫升范围的毒素。此外，这些测定法的线性工作范围比检测限高2至3个数量级，芯片间变异系数低于15%。所采用抗体的广泛特异性可与各毒素组内的大量同系物发生反应，从而能够高效筛选受污染样品中这些低分子量毒素的存在情况。关于人类尿液样本的分析，我们在此重点检测石房蛤毒素、HT-2毒素和黄曲霉毒素M1，它们均为急性毒素暴露的生物标志物。总体而言，已证明所开发的生物芯片测定法可用于快速可靠地识别由这些低分子量毒素引起的严重中毒情况。
