Agriopoulou Sofia, Stamatelopoulou Eygenia, Varzakas Theodoros
Department of Food Science and Technology, University of the Peloponnese, Antikalamos, 24100 Kalamata, Greece.
Foods. 2020 Apr 20;9(4):518. doi: 10.3390/foods9040518.
Mycotoxins are the most widely studied biological toxins, which contaminate foods at very low concentrations. This review describes the emerging extraction techniques and the current and alternatives analytical techniques and methods that have been used to successfully detect and identify important mycotoxins. Some of them have proven to be particularly effective in not only the detection of mycotoxins, but also in detecting mycotoxin-producing fungi. Chromatographic techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with various detectors like fluorescence, diode array, UV, liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, have been powerful tools for analyzing and detecting major mycotoxins. Recent progress of the development of rapid immunoaffinity-based detection techniques such as immunoassays and biosensors, as well as emerging technologies like proteomic and genomic methods, molecular techniques, electronic nose, aggregation-induced emission dye, quantitative NMR and hyperspectral imaging for the detection of mycotoxins in foods, have also been presented.
霉菌毒素是研究最为广泛的生物毒素，它们会以极低的浓度污染食品。本综述介绍了新兴的提取技术以及已被用于成功检测和鉴定重要霉菌毒素的现有分析技术和替代分析技术与方法。其中一些技术不仅在霉菌毒素的检测方面，而且在检测产霉菌毒素的真菌方面都已证明特别有效。色谱技术，如高效液相色谱结合荧光、二极管阵列、紫外等各种检测器、液相色谱-质谱联用以及液相色谱-串联质谱联用，一直是分析和检测主要霉菌毒素的有力工具。还介绍了基于免疫亲和的快速检测技术（如免疫分析和生物传感器）的最新进展，以及用于食品中霉菌毒素检测的新兴技术，如蛋白质组学和基因组学方法、分子技术、电子鼻、聚集诱导发光染料、定量核磁共振和高光谱成像技术。
