Laboratory of Range Science, School of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, HAO-DEMETER, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Feb 15;20(4):851. doi: 10.3390/ijms20040851.
Livestock production in the European Union EU is highly dependent on imported soybean, exposing the livestock farming system to risks related to the global trade of soybean. Lupin species could be a realistic sustainable alternative source of protein for animal feeding. is a very diverse genus with many species. However, only four of them-namely, , , and -are cultivated. Their use in livestock farming systems has many advantages in relation to economic and environmental impact. Generally, lupin grains are characterized by high protein content, while their oil content is relatively low but of high quality. On the other hand, the presence of quinolizidine alkaloids and their specific carbohydrate composition are the main antinutritional factors that prevent their use in animal feeding. This research is mainly related to and to , and to a lesser extent, to and The breeding efforts are mostly focused on yield stabilization, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, biochemical structure associated with seed quality and late maturing. Progress is made in improving lupin with respect to the seed quality, as well as the tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress. It has to be noted that modern cultivars, mostly of and , contain low levels of alkaloids. However, for future breeding efforts, the implementation of marker-assisted selection and the available genomic tools is of great importance.
欧盟的畜牧业生产高度依赖进口大豆，这使畜牧业系统面临与大豆全球贸易相关的风险。羽扇豆属植物可能是动物饲料蛋白质的一种非常现实的可持续替代来源。羽扇豆属是一个非常多样化的属，有许多物种。然而，只有其中的四种——即 、 、 和 -被栽培。它们在畜牧业系统中的使用在经济和环境影响方面有许多优势。一般来说，羽扇豆籽粒的蛋白质含量很高，而其油含量相对较低，但质量很高。另一方面，存在的喹诺里西啶生物碱及其特定的碳水化合物组成是阻止它们在动物饲料中使用的主要抗营养因子。这项研究主要与 和 有关，与 和 有关，但程度较小。育种工作主要集中在产量稳定、抗生物和非生物胁迫、与种子质量相关的生化结构和晚熟上。在提高羽扇豆的种子质量以及对生物和非生物胁迫的耐受性方面取得了进展。值得注意的是，现代品种，主要是 和 ，其生物碱含量较低。然而，对于未来的育种工作，实施基于标记的选择和现有的基因组工具非常重要。
