Farzadfar Sh, Pourrahim R, Golnaraghi A R, Ahoonmanesh A
Department of Plant Virology, Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute, P.O. Box 19395-1454, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Campus, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box 14515-775, Tehran, Iran.
Plant Dis. 2006 Mar;90(3):252-258. doi: 10.1094/PD-90-0252.
The main areas for field-grown sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) production in Iran were surveyed to study the occurrence and incidence of Alfalfa mosaic virus (AlMV), Beet curly top virus (BCTV), Beet mosaic virus (BtMV), Beet western yellows virus (BWYV), Beet yellows virus (BYV), Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus (CpCDV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), and Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) during the growing season of 2001. A total of 5,292 random leaf samples in addition to 1,294 symptomatic leaves were collected from nine commercial sugar beet growing provinces of Iran and tested by tissue-blot immunoassay (TBIA). Serological diagnoses were confirmed by electron microscopy and host range studies. The highest virus incidence among the surveyed provinces was recorded in Qazvin, followed by Fars, Esfahan, Azarbayejan-e-gharbi, Khorasan, Kermanshah, Semnan, and Hamedan. According to the TBIA results, viruses in decreasing order of incidence in sugar beet were BCTV (27.9%), followed by BWYV (17.4%), CpCDV (12.5%), BYV (10.6%), BtMV (7.4%), TuMV (2.9%), AlMV (1.3%), and CMV (1.2%). Nearly 35% of sugar beets in Iran were infected by one or both of the two leafhopper-transmitted viruses (BCTV and CpCDV). Moreover, about 28% were infected by at least one of the six aphid-transmitted viruses (AlMV, BWYV, BtMV, BYV, CMV, and TuMV). Overall, one or more of the eight viruses assayed were detected in 45.5% of the plants surveyed. Several plants (35%) displaying virus-like symptoms did not react with the virus antisera used, suggesting that more viruses or virus-like agents are infecting sugar beets in Iran. In reference to the earlier reports, this is the first report of AlMV and TuMV in sugar beet fields of Iran. Also, this is the first detection of CpCDV as a pathogen of sugar beet.
对伊朗种植甜菜（Beta vulgaris）的主要产区进行了调查，以研究2001年生长季节苜蓿花叶病毒（AlMV）、甜菜曲顶病毒（BCTV）、甜菜花叶病毒（BtMV）、甜菜西部黄化病毒（BWYV）、甜菜黄化病毒（BYV）、鹰嘴豆褪绿矮缩病毒（CpCDV）、黄瓜花叶病毒（CMV）和芜菁花叶病毒（TuMV）的发生情况和发病率。除了1294片有症状的叶片外，还从伊朗九个商业甜菜种植省份随机采集了5292片叶片样本，并通过组织印迹免疫分析（TBIA）进行检测。血清学诊断通过电子显微镜和寄主范围研究得到证实。在所调查的省份中，病毒发病率最高的是加兹温，其次是法尔斯、伊斯法罕、西阿塞拜疆、霍拉桑、克尔曼沙阿、塞姆南和哈马丹。根据TBIA结果，甜菜中发病率由高到低的病毒依次为BCTV（27.9%），其次是BWYV（17.4%）、CpCDV（12.5%）、BYV（10.6%）、BtMV（7.4%）、TuMV（2.9%）、AlMV（1.3%）和CMV（1.2%）。伊朗近35%的甜菜感染了两种由叶蝉传播的病毒（BCTV和CpCDV）中的一种或两种。此外，约28%的甜菜感染了六种由蚜虫传播的病毒（AlMV、BWYV、BtMV、BYV、CMV和TuMV）中的至少一种。总体而言，在所调查的植物中，45.5%检测到了所检测的八种病毒中的一种或多种。一些表现出病毒样症状的植物（35%）与所用的病毒抗血清没有反应，这表明有更多的病毒或类病毒因子正在感染伊朗的甜菜。参考早期报告，这是伊朗甜菜田中AlMV和TuMV的首次报道。此外，这也是首次检测到CpCDV作为甜菜的病原体。
