Harrison Barbara, Steinlage Todd A, Domier Leslie L, D'Arcy Cleora J
Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
USDA-ARS, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
Plant Dis. 2005 Jan;89(1):28-32. doi: 10.1094/PD-89-0028.
Soybean dwarf virus (SbDV), which causes an important disease of soybeans in Japan, is persistently transmitted by aphids and is endemic in forage legumes in the United States. To determine the incidence of SbDV in Illinois, we collected clovers and forage legumes in a total of 49 Illinois counties in 2001 and 2002 and tested them for the presence of SbDV by reversetranscription-polymerase chain reaction. SbDV was detected in 43% of red clover (Trifolium pratense), 10% of white clover (T. repens), and 3% of yellow sweet clover (Melilotus officinalis) plant samples. The dwarfing strain (SbDV-D) was the predominant strain detected in Illinois. In 2000, Aphis glycines, an aphid species that colonizes soybeans, was reported for the first time in North America. To determine whether A. glycines or aphid species found colonizing clover were vectors of SbDV, transmission studies were conducted. Aphids of the species Nearctaphis bakeri reproducibly vectored SbDV among red clovers, and from red clover to soybean. A. glycines did not transmit SbDV; neither did two other clover-infesting aphid species, Acyrthosiphon pisum and Therioaphis trifolii.
大豆矮缩病毒（SbDV）在日本引发大豆的一种重要病害，由蚜虫持久性传播，在美国的饲用豆科植物中呈地方性流行。为确定伊利诺伊州SbDV的发生率，我们在2001年和2002年从伊利诺伊州总共49个县采集了三叶草和饲用豆科植物，并通过逆转录-聚合酶链反应检测其中是否存在SbDV。在43%的红三叶（Trifolium pratense）、10%的白三叶（T. repens）和3%的黄花草木樨（Melilotus officinalis）植物样本中检测到了SbDV。矮化株系（SbDV-D）是在伊利诺伊州检测到的主要株系。2000年，首次在北美报道了侵害大豆的蚜虫物种大豆蚜（Aphis glycines）。为确定大豆蚜或在三叶草上发现的其他蚜虫物种是否为SbDV的传播媒介，开展了传播研究。贝克近管蚜（Nearctaphis bakeri）能够在红三叶之间以及从红三叶传播到大豆上传播SbDV。大豆蚜不能传播SbDV；另外两种侵害三叶草的蚜虫物种，豌豆蚜（Acyrthosiphon pisum）和三叶草彩斑蚜（Therioaphis trifolii）也不能传播。
