Esposito Serena
Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering and INSTM Research Unit, Università degli Studi di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale, Via G. Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino FR, Italy.
Materials (Basel). 2019 Feb 23;12(4):668. doi: 10.3390/ma12040668.
The sol-gel method is an attractive synthetic approach in the design of advanced catalytic formulations that are based on metal and metal oxide with high degree of structural and compositional homogeneity. Nowadays, though it originated with the hydrolysis and condensation of metal alkoxides, sol-gel chemistry gathers plenty of fascinating strategies to prepare materials from solution state precursors. Low temperature chemistry, reproducibility, and high surface to volume ratios of obtained products are features that add merit to this technology. The development of different and fascinating procedure was fostered by the availability of new molecular precursors, chelating agents and templates, with the great advantage of tailoring the physico-chemical properties of the materials through the manipulation of the synthesis conditions. The aim of this review is to present an overview of the "traditional" sol-gel synthesis of tailored and multifunctional inorganic materials and their application in the main domain of heterogeneous catalysis. One of the main achievements is to stress the versatility of sol-gel preparation by highlighting its advantage over other preparation methods through some specific examples of the synthesis of catalysts.
溶胶-凝胶法是一种颇具吸引力的合成方法，可用于设计基于金属和金属氧化物的先进催化配方，这些配方具有高度的结构和组成均匀性。如今，尽管溶胶-凝胶化学起源于金属醇盐的水解和缩合，但它汇集了众多从溶液态前驱体制备材料的迷人策略。低温化学、可重复性以及所得产物的高比表面积等特性为该技术增添了优势。新型分子前驱体、螯合剂和模板的可得性推动了不同且迷人的制备方法的发展，其巨大优势在于通过调控合成条件来定制材料的物理化学性质。本综述的目的是概述定制化多功能无机材料的“传统”溶胶-凝胶合成及其在多相催化主要领域的应用。其中一项主要成果是通过一些催化剂合成的具体实例，突出溶胶-凝胶制备相较于其他制备方法的优势，从而强调其多功能性。
