Jacobs Jurriaan, Oosterbeek Marjolaine, Tummers Lars G, Noordegraaf Mirko, Yzermans C Joris, Dückers Michel L A
Impact - National Knowledge and Advice Centre for Psychosocial Care Concerning Critical Incidents, Arq Psycho Trauma Expert Group, Diemen, The Netherlands.
Utrecht School of Governance, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Eur J Psychotraumatol. 2019 Jan 22;10(1):1544024. doi: 10.1080/20008198.2018.1544024. eCollection 2019.
: Despite numerous calls for a more evidence-based provision of post-disaster psychosocial support, systematic analyses of post-disaster service delivery are scarce. : The aim of this review was to evaluate the organization of post-disaster psychosocial support in different disaster settings and to identify determinants. : We conducted a meta-synthesis of scientific literature and evaluations of post-disaster psychosocial support after 12 Dutch disasters and major crises between 1992 and 2014. We applied systematic search and snowballing methods and included 80 evaluations, as well as grey and scientific documents. : Many documents focus on the prevalence of mental health problems. Only a few documents primarily assess the organization of post-disaster psychosocial support and its determinants. The material illustrates how, over the course of two decades, the organizational context of post-disaster psychosocial support in the Netherlands has been influenced by changes in legislation, policy frameworks, evidence-based guidelines, and the instalment of formal expertise structures to support national and local governments and public services. Recurring organizational issues in response to events are linked to interrelated evaluation themes such as planning, training, registration, provision of information and social acknowledgement. For each evaluation theme, we identify factors helping or hindering the psychosocial support organization during the preparedness, acute and recovery phases. : The meta-synthesis illustrates that psychosocial service delivery has grown from a monodisciplinary to a multidisciplinary field over time. Suboptimal interprofessional collaboration poses a recurring threat to service quality. Despite the development of the knowledge base, post-disaster psychosocial support in the Netherlands lacks a systematic and critical appraisal of its functioning. Further professionalization is coupled with the strengthening of evaluation and learning routines.
尽管多次呼吁提供更具循证基础的灾后心理社会支持，但对灾后服务提供情况的系统分析却很匮乏。本综述的目的是评估不同灾害背景下灾后心理社会支持的组织情况，并确定其决定因素。我们对1992年至2014年间荷兰12次灾害和重大危机后的科学文献及灾后心理社会支持评估进行了元综合分析。我们采用了系统检索和滚雪球方法，纳入了80项评估，以及灰色文献和科学文献。许多文献关注心理健康问题的患病率。只有少数文献主要评估灾后心理社会支持的组织情况及其决定因素。这些材料说明了在二十年的时间里，荷兰灾后心理社会支持的组织背景是如何受到立法、政策框架、循证指南的变化以及为支持国家和地方政府及公共服务而设立的正式专业结构的影响。应对事件时反复出现的组织问题与规划、培训、登记、信息提供和社会认可等相互关联的评估主题相关。对于每个评估主题，我们确定了在备灾、急性期和恢复期有助于或阻碍心理社会支持组织的因素。元综合分析表明，随着时间的推移，心理社会服务提供已从单一学科领域发展为多学科领域。跨专业协作欠佳对服务质量构成了反复出现的威胁。尽管知识基础有所发展，但荷兰的灾后心理社会支持缺乏对其运作的系统和批判性评估。进一步的专业化与加强评估和学习常规相结合。
