Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Sta. María Ahuacatitlán, 62100, Cuernavaca Morelos, CP, Mexico.
Subdirección de Investigación en Intervenciones Comunitarias, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
Environ Health. 2019 Feb 28;18(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s12940-019-0456-8.
Child neurodevelopment has been positively linked to maternal intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) during pregnancy; however, it is unknown if that relationship persists among populations exposed to environmental neurotoxicants.
The aim of this work was to assess whether maternal dietary intake of PUFAs during pregnancy is positively associated with child neurodevelopment, whose mothers were environmentally exposed to 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane (DDT).
A prospective cohort study with 276 mother-child pairs was performed in Mexico. Neurodevelopment was assessed by Bayley Scales II from children age 1 to 30 months. Dietary PUFAs intake was estimated by Food Frequency Questionnaire at 1st and 3rd trimester of pregnancy. DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene, the main metabolite of DDT) maternal serum levels were determined by electron capture gas chromatography. Longitudinal multivariate linear mixed-effects analysis, which combines mental (MDI) and motor (PDI) Bayley scales in a single model, were performed.
Our results show that in a sample environmentally exposed to DDT, maternal ingestion of DPA during the first trimester of pregnancy was positively associated with MDI (β = 0.10, 95% CI 0.02, 0.18) in children from 1 to 30 months. Likewise, our results suggest that dietary ALA may be also related to MDI.
DPA may benefit neurodevelopment even in populations exposed to DDT. Our results strengthen the importance of PUFAs intake during the prenatal period.
已有研究表明，母亲在怀孕期间摄入多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）与儿童神经发育呈正相关；然而，在接触环境神经毒素的人群中，这种关系是否仍然存在尚不清楚。
本研究旨在评估母亲在怀孕期间摄入多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）是否与儿童神经发育呈正相关，而其母亲则接触到了 1,1,1-三氯-2,2-双（对氯苯基）乙烷（DDT）。
在墨西哥进行了一项前瞻性队列研究，共纳入 276 对母婴。通过贝利婴幼儿发展量表第二版（Bayley Scales II）评估儿童在 1 至 30 月龄时的神经发育情况。在妊娠第 1 和第 3 个孕期通过食物频率问卷评估 PUFAs 的摄入量。通过电子捕获气相色谱法测定母体血清中二氯二苯二氯乙烯（1,1-二氯-2,2-双（对氯苯基）乙烯，DDT 的主要代谢物）的水平。采用纵向多变量线性混合效应分析，将贝利婴幼儿发展量表的精神发育指数（MDI）和运动发育指数（PDI）合并在一个单一模型中进行分析。
我们的结果表明，在一个接触 DDT 的样本中，母亲在妊娠早期摄入 DPA 与儿童在 1 至 30 个月时的 MDI（β=0.10，95%CI 0.02，0.18）呈正相关。此外，我们的结果表明，膳食 ALA 也可能与 MDI 相关。
即使在接触 DDT 的人群中，DPA 也可能有益于神经发育。我们的研究结果强调了在产前期间摄入 PUFAs 的重要性。
