Faculty of Human Sciences and Education, Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Valentín Carderera, 4, 22003 Huesca, Spain.
Faculty of Human Sciences and Education, Department of Mathematics, University of Zaragoza, Valentín Carderera, 4, 22003 Huesca, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Feb 28;16(5):732. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16050732.
The present study aimed to examine the factors associated with different forms of independent mobility (IM) to school (IM one way and IM both ways) according to their parents' opinions. To do so, several variables were evaluated: how parents assess their children's autonomy, the difficulty they perceive for IM to school, reasons for IM/no IM to school, parents' willingness for IM to school, frequency of children's IM for leisure activities, children having house keys and dangers perceived in the neighborhood. Family-related socio-demographic variables were also assessed: number of children, position occupied by them in the family, family composition, living with both parents or just one, and each parent's nationality, level of education and job status. This study examined the data collected from 1450 parents (mothers and fathers) with children studying Primary Education years 4, 5 and 6 ( age = 10.53, = 0.90). The results showed that 42.3% of the schoolchildren did not practice IM to school, 18.1% practiced IM one way (they went to or from school alone), and 39.5% practiced IM both way (they went to/from school alone). These findings underline the importance of parents' willingness for IM to school, and how the balance between how they perceive their children's autonomy and difficulty for IM is relevant for greater IM to school.
本研究旨在根据家长的意见，研究与不同形式的独立上学出行（单程独立上学出行和双程独立上学出行）相关的因素。为此，评估了几个变量：家长如何评估孩子的自主性、他们认为上学出行的难度、上学出行/不上学出行的原因、家长对上学出行的意愿、孩子闲暇时间上学出行的频率、孩子是否有房门钥匙以及邻里感知到的危险。还评估了与家庭相关的社会人口统计学变量：孩子的数量、他们在家庭中的地位、家庭构成、与父母双方或一方同住，以及父母双方的国籍、教育水平和工作状况。本研究分析了从 1450 名（母亲和父亲）有小学生（年龄 = 10.53， = 0.90）就读小学 4、5 和 6 年级的儿童家长那里收集的数据。结果表明，42.3%的学生没有进行独立上学出行，18.1%的学生进行单程独立上学出行（独自上下学），39.5%的学生进行双程独立上学出行（独自上下学）。这些发现强调了家长对上学出行意愿的重要性，以及他们对孩子自主性和上学出行难度的看法之间的平衡如何对更大程度的上学出行具有重要意义。
