英国成年人对英国软饮料行业征税的支持及其感知效果：国际粮食政策研究的横断面分析。
Support for, and perceived effectiveness of, the UK soft drinks industry levy among UK adults: cross-sectional analysis of the International Food Policy Study.
机构信息
Centre for Diet and Activity Research, MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
School of Public Health & Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2019 Mar 3;9(3):e026698. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026698.
OBJECTIVES
To answer four questions: What are attitudes, knowledge and social norms around sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs)? What are current levels of trust in messages on SSBs? What is current support for, and perceived effectiveness of, the UK soft drinks industry levy (SDIL)? What is the association between attitudes, knowledge, social norms, trust, SSB consumption and sociodemographic factors; and support for, and perceived effectiveness of, the SDIL?
DESIGN
Cross-sectional online survey.
SETTING
UK.
PARTICIPANTS
UK respondents to the 2017 International Food Policy Study aged 18-64 years who provided information on all variables of interest (n=3104).
OUTCOME MEASURES
Self-reported perceived effectiveness of, and support for, the SDIL.
RESULTS
Most participants supported the SDIL (70%), believed it would be effective (71%), had a positive attitude to SSBs (62%), had knowledge of the link between SSBs and obesity (90%), and trusted messages from health experts (61%), but not those from the food and beverage industry (73%). Nearly half (46%) had negative social norms about drinking SSBs. In adjusted models, older age, non-consumption of SSBs, social norms to not drinks SSBs, knowledge of the link between SSBs and obesity and trust in health expert messages were associated with greater support for the SDIL, whereas having dependent children and trusting messages from the food and beverage industry were associated with less support. In adjusted models, older age was associated with lower perceived effectiveness of the SDIL, whereas social norms to not drink SSBs, negative attitudes to SSBs and trusting messages from health experts and the food and beverage industry were associated with greater perceived effectiveness.
CONCLUSIONS
There was strong support for the SDIL and belief that it would be effective. Those with more 'public health' orientated norms and trust were generally more likely to support the SDIL or believe that it would be effective.
目的
回答四个问题：含糖饮料（SSB）的态度、知识和社会规范是什么？人们对 SSB 相关信息的信任程度如何？目前对英国软饮料行业征税（SDIL）的支持程度如何，以及人们认为该征税的效果如何？态度、知识、社会规范、信任、SSB 消费与社会人口因素之间有何关联？以及人们对 SDIL 的支持程度和对其效果的看法如何？
设计
横断面在线调查。
地点
英国。
参与者
2017 年国际食品政策研究中年龄在 18-64 岁的英国受访者，他们提供了所有感兴趣变量的信息（n=3104）。
结果测量
自我报告的 SDIL 的有效性和支持率。
结果
大多数参与者支持 SDIL（70%），认为其有效（71%），对 SSB 有积极的态度（62%），了解 SSB 与肥胖之间的关联（90%），并信任来自健康专家的信息（61%），但不相信来自食品和饮料行业的信息（73%）。近一半（46%）的人对饮用 SSB 有负面的社会规范。在调整后的模型中，年龄较大、不消费 SSB、不饮用 SSB 的社会规范、对 SSB 与肥胖之间关联的认识以及对健康专家信息的信任与对 SDIL 的更大支持相关，而有受抚养子女和信任食品和饮料行业的信息则与支持率较低相关。在调整后的模型中，年龄较大与对 SDIL 的较低效果相关，而不饮用 SSB 的社会规范、对 SSB 的负面态度以及对健康专家和食品饮料行业信息的信任与更大的效果相关。
结论
对 SDIL 的支持非常强烈，人们相信它将是有效的。那些具有更“公共卫生”导向的规范和信任的人通常更有可能支持 SDIL 或认为它将是有效的。
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