1 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
2 Counter Tools, Carrboro, NC, USA.
Health Educ Behav. 2019 Aug;46(4):541-549. doi: 10.1177/1090198119831759. Epub 2019 Mar 2.
. Lower-income families in the United States are at increased risk for food insecurity and have higher rates of tobacco use. Many retailers accepting government food assistance benefits also sell tobacco products, whose marketing promotes smoking initiation and undermines quit attempts. We examined the presence of tobacco marketing in authorized retailers in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and/or Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), compared with nonauthorized retailers. . A nationally representative sample of tobacco retailers in the contiguous United States ( = 2,054) were audited for tobacco marketing in 2015. Using generalized estimating equations, we examined the association between WIC and SNAP authorization and presence of tobacco marketing, adjusted for store type and neighborhood demographics. . Both WIC-authorized (odds ratio [OR] 1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.1, 2.4]) and SNAP-authorized retailers (OR 2.3, 95% CI [1.7, 3.1]) had greater odds of displaying interior tobacco price promotions, compared with stores that were not WIC/SNAP authorized. SNAP-authorized stores (compared with nonauthorized) had almost 3 times greater odds of displaying interior tobacco advertisements (OR 2.9, 95% CI [1.9, 4.5]), while WIC-authorized retailers had 80% lower odds of displaying exterior tobacco advertisements (OR 0.2, 95% CI [0.1, 0.3]). . Millions of lower-income American families may be disproportionately exposed to tobacco marketing at food retailers. Federal, state, and local policies could create healthier retail environments by restricting the marketing and availability of tobacco products and increasing promotions and access to healthy food options.
. 美国低收入家庭面临更高的粮食不安全风险和更高的烟草使用率。许多接受政府食品援助福利的零售商也销售烟草产品，其营销活动促进了吸烟的开始，并破坏了戒烟的尝试。我们研究了在补充营养援助计划（SNAP）和/或妇女、婴儿和儿童特别补充营养计划（WIC）授权零售商与非授权零售商中，烟草营销的存在情况。. 2015 年，对美国大陆的一个具有代表性的烟草零售商样本进行了审计，以检查烟草营销情况。使用广义估计方程，我们调整了商店类型和社区人口统计学因素，研究了 WIC 和 SNAP 授权与烟草营销存在之间的关联。. 与未获得 WIC/SNAP 授权的零售商相比，获得 WIC 授权的零售商（优势比 [OR] 1.7，95%置信区间 [CI] [1.1, 2.4]）和获得 SNAP 授权的零售商（OR 2.3，95% CI [1.7, 3.1]）更有可能展示内部烟草价格促销。与非授权零售商相比，SNAP 授权的商店展示内部烟草广告的可能性几乎高出 3 倍（OR 2.9，95% CI [1.9, 4.5]），而获得 WIC 授权的零售商展示外部烟草广告的可能性降低了 80%（OR 0.2，95% CI [0.1, 0.3]）。. 数以百万计的美国低收入家庭可能会在食品零售商处不成比例地接触到烟草营销。联邦、州和地方政策可以通过限制烟草产品的营销和供应，以及增加对健康食品选择的促销和获取，创造更健康的零售环境。
