Section on Endocrinology and Genetics, The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, BG 31 RM 2A46, 31 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Mar 2;20(5):1081. doi: 10.3390/ijms20051081.
Hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease in the United States, affecting up to one-third of adults. When compared to other ethnic or racial groups in the United States, African Americans and other people of African descent show a higher incidence of hypertension and its related comorbidities; however, the genetics of hypertension in these populations has not been studied adequately. Several genes have been identified to play a role in the genetics of hypertension. They include genes regulating the renin-aldosterone-angiotensin system (RAAS), such as Sodium Channel Epithelial 1 Beta Subunit (), Armadillo Repeat Containing 5 (), G Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 4 ), and Calcium Voltage-Gated Channel Subunit Alpha1 D (). In this review, we focus on recent genetic findings available in the public domain for potential differences between African Americans and other populations. We also cover some recent and relevant discoveries in the field of low-renin hypertension from our laboratory at the National Institutes of Health. Understanding the different genetics of hypertension among various groups is essential for effective precision-guided medical therapy of high blood pressure.
高血压是美国心血管疾病的主要病因，影响了多达三分之一的成年人。与美国其他种族或族裔群体相比，非裔美国人和其他非裔人群表现出更高的高血压发病率和相关并发症；然而，这些人群的高血压遗传因素尚未得到充分研究。已经确定了几个基因在高血压的遗传中发挥作用。它们包括调节肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统 (RAAS) 的基因，例如钠通道上皮 1 型β亚基 ()、角蛋白重复包含 5 ()、G 蛋白偶联受体激酶 4 () 和钙电压门控通道亚基α 1 D ()。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了公共领域中可用于非裔美国人和其他人群之间潜在差异的最新遗传发现。我们还介绍了我们在国立卫生研究院实验室在低肾素高血压领域的一些最新和相关发现。了解不同人群高血压的不同遗传因素对于高血压的有效精准医疗治疗至关重要。
