Swank M E, Vernon S W, Lairson D R
Public Health Rep. 1986 Mar-Apr;101(2):175-84.
Preventive dental behavior was examined using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 1971-75 conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics. Most research to date has dealt with the use of all types of dental services, with relatively few studies focusing on utilization of dental services for preventive purposes or on preventive dental behavior. Economic theory on the demand for health services and the Andersen model of health services utilization were applied to examine predisposing, enabling, and need characteristics which may influence use of preventive dental health services and preventive dental behavior. The associations between each of three measures of preventive dental behavior and the three sets of characteristics from Andersen's model were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The enabling factors (income and a regular source of care) were the most important determinants of use of preventive dental services. Need characteristics, measured by self-evaluated condition of teeth, were also significant determinants of use, while the predisposing variables were the least important of the three types. In contrast, for the home care measure, frequency of brushing, the predisposing variables were the most important, with gender and education ranking highest. Consideration of these results may be useful to health educators and to those who formulate policies affecting the distribution of preventive dental services and dental insurance coverage.
利用美国国家卫生统计中心开展的1971 - 1975年全国健康与营养检查调查的数据，对预防性牙科行为进行了研究。迄今为止，大多数研究都涉及各类牙科服务的使用情况，而专注于预防性牙科服务利用或预防性牙科行为的研究相对较少。运用卫生服务需求的经济理论和健康服务利用的安德森模型，来考察可能影响预防性牙科保健服务使用和预防性牙科行为的易患因素、促成因素和需求特征。使用多元回归分析，分析了预防性牙科行为的三项指标与安德森模型中的三组特征之间的关联。促成因素（收入和固定的医疗保健来源）是预防性牙科服务使用的最重要决定因素。以自我评估的牙齿状况衡量的需求特征，也是使用情况的重要决定因素，而易患变量在这三种类型中是最不重要的。相比之下，对于家庭护理指标——刷牙频率，易患变量最为重要，其中性别和教育程度的影响最大。考虑这些结果可能对健康教育工作者以及那些制定影响预防性牙科服务分配和牙科保险覆盖范围政策的人有所帮助。
