Huang Ting-Ting, Lai Jian-Bo, Du Yan-Li, Xu Yi, Ruan Lie-Min, Hu Shao-Hua
Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
Front Genet. 2019 Feb 19;10:98. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00098. eCollection 2019.
Gut microbiota plays an important role in the bidirectional communication between the gut and the central nervous system. Mounting evidence suggests that gut microbiota can influence the brain function via neuroimmune and neuroendocrine pathways as well as the nervous system. Advances in gene sequencing techniques further facilitate investigating the underlying relationship between gut microbiota and psychiatric disorders. In recent years, researchers have preliminarily explored the gut microbiota in patients with mood disorders. The current review aims to summarize the published human studies of gut microbiota in mood disorders. The findings showed that microbial diversity and taxonomic compositions were significantly changed compared with healthy individuals. Most of these findings revealed that short-chain fatty acids-producing bacterial genera were decreased, while pro-inflammatory genera and those involved in lipid metabolism were increased in patients with depressive episodes. Interestingly, the abundance of , was increased and was decreased consistently in patients with either bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder. Some studies further indicated that specific bacteria were associated with clinical characteristics, inflammatory profiles, metabolic markers, and pharmacological treatment. These studies present preliminary evidence of the important role of gut microbiota in mood disorders, through the brain-gut-microbiota axis, which emerges as a promising target for disease diagnosis and therapeutic interventions in the future.
肠道微生物群在肠道与中枢神经系统之间的双向通信中发挥着重要作用。越来越多的证据表明，肠道微生物群可通过神经免疫和神经内分泌途径以及神经系统影响大脑功能。基因测序技术的进步进一步促进了对肠道微生物群与精神疾病之间潜在关系的研究。近年来，研究人员已初步探索了情绪障碍患者的肠道微生物群。本综述旨在总结已发表的关于情绪障碍患者肠道微生物群的人体研究。研究结果表明，与健康个体相比，微生物多样性和分类组成发生了显著变化。这些发现大多显示，在抑郁发作患者中，产生短链脂肪酸的细菌属减少，而促炎属以及参与脂质代谢的属增加。有趣的是，在双相情感障碍或重度抑郁症患者中，[具体细菌名称1]的丰度持续增加，而[具体细菌名称2]的丰度持续降低。一些研究进一步表明，特定细菌与临床特征、炎症谱、代谢标志物和药物治疗有关。这些研究通过脑-肠-微生物群轴，初步证明了肠道微生物群在情绪障碍中的重要作用，这一轴有望成为未来疾病诊断和治疗干预的靶点。
