Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, via La Masa 19, Milan 20156, Italy.
Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, Milan 20131, Italy.
J Control Release. 2019 Apr 28;300:141-153. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.02.038. Epub 2019 Mar 6.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a complicated neuropathological condition that results in functional dysfunction and paralysis. Various treatments have been proposed including drugs, biological factors and cells administered in several ways. Stem cell therapy offers a potentially revolutionary mode to repair the damaged spinal cord after injury. Initially, stem cells were considered promising for replacing cells and tissue lost after SCI. Many studies looked at their differentiation to replace neuronal and glial cells for a better functional outcome. However, it is becoming clear that different functional improvements recognized to stem cells are due to biomolecular activities by the transplanted stem cells rather than cell replacement. This review aimed to discuss the paracrine mechanisms for tissue repair and regeneration after stem cell transplantation in SCI. It focuses on stem cell factor production, effect in tissue restoration, and novel delivery strategies to use them for SCI therapy.
脊髓损伤 (SCI) 是一种复杂的神经病理学状况，导致功能障碍和瘫痪。已经提出了各种治疗方法，包括以多种方式给予药物、生物因子和细胞。干细胞疗法为损伤后修复受损的脊髓提供了一种潜在的革命性模式。最初，干细胞被认为有希望替代 SCI 后丢失的细胞和组织。许多研究着眼于它们的分化，以替代神经元和神经胶质细胞，从而获得更好的功能结果。然而，越来越明显的是，干细胞所具有的不同功能改善是由于移植的干细胞的生物分子活性，而不是细胞替代。本综述旨在讨论 SCI 后干细胞移植的旁分泌机制，用于组织修复和再生。它侧重于干细胞因子的产生、在组织修复中的作用，以及用于 SCI 治疗的新型传递策略。
