College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Energy Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637553, Singapore.
College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Jun 10;668:90-103. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.004. Epub 2019 Mar 2.
Incineration is widely adopted in modern waste management because it provides an effective way to minimize municipal solid waste that needs to be disposed of in landfills. The ash residue is often disposed by landfilling. Alternatively, the incineration ash may be recycled and reused for various applications. The crucial issues, however, are the leaching of harmful elements during the use and the end-of-life phases. This review summarizes extensive studies on leaching behavior of municipal solid waste incineration ash. Specifically, pollutants generated through leaching, factors governing leaching, methodologies to study leaching, leaching mechanisms, and treatments to reduce leaching. Many types of pollutants are generated through leaching from municipal solid waste incineration ash, in which heavy metals and organic contaminants are the most toxic and concerned. Ash properties, pH and liquid to solid ratio are the main factors governing municipal solid waste incineration ash leaching. Leaching behavior of municipal solid waste incineration ash is complicated and existing methods to evaluate leaching may not be able to represent the field conditions. Solubility and sorption are the two major leaching mechanisms. Many treatment methods have been proposed. However, not all methods are effective and some approaches are associated with high energy and high cost, which makes them less economically feasible and attractive.
焚烧在现代废物管理中被广泛采用，因为它提供了一种有效减少需要在垃圾填埋场处理的城市固体废物的方法。灰烬残渣通常通过填埋处理。或者，焚烧灰也可以回收并重新用于各种应用。然而，关键问题是在使用和寿命结束阶段有害物质的浸出。本综述总结了大量关于城市固体废物焚烧灰浸出行为的研究。具体来说，综述了浸出过程中产生的污染物、控制浸出的因素、浸出研究方法、浸出机制以及减少浸出的处理方法。通过城市固体废物焚烧灰浸出会产生许多类型的污染物，其中重金属和有机污染物毒性最强，最受关注。灰分特性、pH 值和液固比是控制城市固体废物焚烧灰浸出的主要因素。城市固体废物焚烧灰的浸出行为很复杂，现有的浸出评价方法可能无法代表现场条件。溶解和吸附是两种主要的浸出机制。已经提出了许多处理方法。然而，并非所有方法都有效，一些方法与高能量和高成本有关，这使得它们在经济上不太可行和有吸引力。
