Braun Janzen Thenille, Haase Marion, Thaut Michael H
Music and Health Science Research Collaboratory, Faculty of Music, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Center for Biomedical Research in Music, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Hum Mov Sci. 2019 Apr;64:355-365. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2019.03.001. Epub 2019 Mar 7.
This study investigated the immediate effects of auditory-motor entrainment across effector systems by examining whether Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation training of arm or finger movements would modulate gait speed. Forty-one participants with idiopathic Parkinson's Disease were randomly assigned to 3 groups. Participants in the finger-tapping group tapped in synchrony with a metronome set to 20% faster pace than the pre-training walking cadence, whereas participants in the other group were asked to swing both arms in an alternating motion in synchrony with the metronome. Participants in the control condition did not receive training. To assess gait parameters pre- and post-training, participants walked on a 14-meter flat walkway at his/her preferred walking cadence with no auditory cueing. Results indicated that there was a significant increase in gait velocity after the finger tapping training (p < .005), whereas no differences were observed in the arm swing (p = .802) and in the control conditions (p = .525). Similarly, there were significant changes in gait cadence post-training in the finger tapping group (p < .005), but not after arm swing training (p = .879) or control (p = .759). There were no significant changes in stride length post-training in none of the groups. These findings suggest that auditory-motor entrainment in one effector system may prime a second effector system. Interestingly, however, the priming effect on gait was only observed in the finger tapping condition and not with synchronized arm swing movements. These findings have significant implications for motor rehabilitation and open new avenues for further investigation of the mechanisms underlying cross-effector coupling.
本研究通过考察手臂或手指运动的节律性听觉刺激训练是否会调节步态速度，来探究跨效应器系统的听觉 - 运动同步的即时效应。41名特发性帕金森病患者被随机分为3组。手指敲击组的参与者与节拍器同步敲击，节拍器设置为比训练前步行节奏快20%的速度，而另一组的参与者则被要求与节拍器同步交替摆动双臂。对照组的参与者不接受训练。为了评估训练前后的步态参数，参与者在没有听觉提示的情况下，以自己喜欢的步行节奏在14米长的平坦通道上行走。结果表明，手指敲击训练后步态速度显著增加（p <.005），而在手臂摆动组（p = 0.802）和对照组（p = 0.525）中未观察到差异。同样，手指敲击组训练后步态节奏有显著变化（p <.005），但手臂摆动训练后（p = 0.879）或对照组（p = 0.759）没有变化。所有组训练后步幅均无显著变化。这些发现表明，一个效应器系统中的听觉 - 运动同步可能会启动第二个效应器系统。然而，有趣的是，对步态的启动效应仅在手指敲击条件下观察到，而在同步手臂摆动运动中未观察到。这些发现对运动康复具有重要意义，并为进一步研究跨效应器耦合的潜在机制开辟了新途径。
