Li Lianwei, Ma Zhanshan Sam
Computational Biology and Medical Ecology Lab, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
Kunming College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
Front Microbiol. 2019 Feb 22;10:118. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00118. eCollection 2019.
The spatial distribution of biodiversity (i.e., the biogeography) of the hot-spring microbiome is critical for understanding the microbial ecosystems in hot springs. We investigated the microbiome diversity scaling (changes) over space by analyzing the diversity-area relationship (DAR), which is an extension to classic SAR (species-area relationship) law in biogeography. We built DAR models for archaea and bacteria with 16S-rRNA sequencing datasets from 165 hot springs globally. From the DAR models, we sketch out the biogeographic maps of hot-spring microbiomes by constructing: (i) DAR profile-measuring the archaea or bacteria diversity scaling over space (areas); (ii) PDO (pair-wise diversity overlap or similarity) profile-estimating the PDO between two hot springs; (iii) MAD (maximal accrual diversity) profile-predicting the global MAD; (iv) LRD/LGD (ratio of local diversity to regional or global diversity) profile. We further investigated the differences between archaea and bacteria in their biogeographic maps. For example, the comparison of DAR-profile maps revealed that the archaea diversity is more heterogeneous (i.e., more diverse) or scaling faster than the bacterial diversity does in terms of species numbers (species richness), but is less heterogeneous (i.e., less diverse) or scaling slower than bacteria when the diversity (Hill numbers) were weighted in favor of more abundant dominant species. When the diversity is weighted equally in terms of species abundances, archaea, and bacteria are equally heterogeneous over space or scaling at the same rate. Finally, unified DAR models (maps) were built with the combined datasets of archaea and bacteria.
温泉微生物群落的生物多样性空间分布（即生物地理学）对于理解温泉中的微生物生态系统至关重要。我们通过分析多样性-面积关系（DAR）来研究微生物群落多样性在空间上的缩放（变化），这是生物地理学中经典的物种-面积关系（SAR）定律的扩展。我们利用全球165个温泉的16S - rRNA测序数据集构建了古菌和细菌的DAR模型。从这些DAR模型中，我们通过构建以下内容勾勒出温泉微生物群落的生物地理图：（i）DAR剖面图——测量古菌或细菌在空间（区域）上的多样性缩放；（ii）PDO（成对多样性重叠或相似性）剖面图——估计两个温泉之间的PDO；（iii）MAD（最大累积多样性）剖面图——预测全球MAD；（iv）LRD/LGD（局部多样性与区域或全球多样性的比率）剖面图。我们进一步研究了古菌和细菌生物地理图之间的差异。例如，DAR剖面图的比较显示，就物种数量（物种丰富度）而言，古菌多样性比细菌多样性更具异质性（即更多样化）或缩放更快，但当多样性（希尔数）加权有利于更丰富的优势物种时，古菌的异质性比细菌小（即多样性更低）或缩放更慢。当根据物种丰度平等加权多样性时，古菌和细菌在空间上的异质性相同或缩放速率相同。最后利用古菌和细菌的合并数据集构建了统一的DAR模型（图）。
