Identification of prognostic biomarkers in colorectal cancer using a long non-coding RNA-mediated competitive endogenous RNA network.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly malignant gastrointestinal tumor accompanied by poor prognosis. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in the progression and physiology of tumors as it competes with endogenous RNAs, including miRNA and mRNA. In the present study, a multi-step computational method was used to build a CRC-related functional lncRNA-mediated competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network (LMCN). lncRNAs with more degrees and betweenness centrality (BC) were screened out as hub lncRNAs. Then functional enrichment analyses of lncRNAs were carried out from the Gene Ontology (GO) and Reactome pathway databases based on the 'guilt by association' principle. As a result, lncRNAs in the LMCN displayed specific topological characteristics in accordance with the regulatory correlation of coding mRNAs in CRC pathology. HCP5, EPB41L4A-AS1, SNHG12, and LINC00649 were screened out as hub lncRNAs which were more significantly related to the development and prognosis of CRC. The hub lncRNAs in CRC were obviously involved in functions of cell cycle arrest, vacuolar transport, histone modification, and in pathways of GPCR, signaling by Rho GTPases, axon guidance pathways, meaning that they might be potential biomarkers for diagnosis, evaluation and gene-targeted therapy of CRC. Thus, the LMCN construction method could accelerate lncRNA discovery and therapeutic development in CRC.