Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Nat Med. 2019 Apr;25(4):591-596. doi: 10.1038/s41591-019-0392-8. Epub 2019 Mar 18.
All circulating immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in human newborns are of maternal origin and transferred across the placenta to provide passive immunity until newborn IgG production takes over 15 weeks after birth. However, maternal IgG can also negatively interfere with newborn vaccine responses. The concentration of IgG increases sharply during the third trimester of gestation and children delivered extremely preterm are believed to largely lack this passive immunity. Antibodies to individual viruses have been reported, but the global repertoire of maternal IgG, its variation in children, and the epitopes targeted are poorly understood. Here, we assess antibodies against 93,904 epitopes from 206 viruses in 32 preterm and 46 term mother-child dyads. We find that extremely preterm children receive comparable repertoires of IgG as term children, albeit at lower absolute concentrations and consequent shorter half-life. Neutralization of the clinically important respiratory syncytial virus (RS-virus) was also comparable until three months of age. These findings have implications for understanding infectious disease susceptibility, vaccine development, and vaccine scheduling in newborn children.
所有新生儿循环中的免疫球蛋白 G（IgG）抗体均来自母体，并通过胎盘转移，以提供被动免疫，直到新生儿 IgG 产生，这一过程在出生后 15 周左右完成。然而，母体 IgG 也可能对新生儿疫苗反应产生负面影响。IgG 浓度在妊娠晚期急剧增加，而极早产儿出生时被认为几乎没有这种被动免疫。已经报道了针对个别病毒的抗体，但对母体 IgG 的全球谱、其在儿童中的变化以及靶向的表位知之甚少。在这里，我们评估了来自 206 种病毒的 93904 个表位的抗体，涉及 32 对早产儿和 46 对足月母婴对子。我们发现，极早产儿获得的 IgG 谱与足月儿相当，尽管绝对浓度较低，半衰期也相应较短。直到三个月大时，对临床重要的呼吸道合胞病毒（RS 病毒）的中和作用也相当。这些发现对理解新生儿传染病易感性、疫苗开发和疫苗接种计划具有重要意义。
