Shakibamehr Javad, Rad Mojtaba, Akrami Rahim, Rad Mostafa
Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran.
J Caring Sci. 2019 Mar 1;8(1):45-49. doi: 10.15171/jcs.2019.007. eCollection 2019 Mar.
Introduction: Pressure ulcer is one of the most common and painful complications in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICUs). This study aimed to compare the effects of tragacanth gel cushions and foam-filled ones on the prevention of pressure ulcers. This triple-blind, randomized, clinical trial was performed on 94 patients admitted to the ICU of Taleqhani Hospital of Mashhad, Iran. The participants were divided into two groups of tragacanth gel pad and foam (n=47 for each group). Both groups received all the routine care. The participants were examined on a daily basis during a ten-day period. We considered sacral region as the most affected site, and the patients with erythema were excluded from the study. To analyze the data, Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, and t-test were run, using Stata version 12. The data showed significant differences in terms of the incidence of skin redness in the tragacanth gel cushions group and foam cushion group, respectively, 6.84 (1.58) and 5.67 (1.26) days after admission. In addition, in the tragacanth gel cushions group 14 patients (29.7%) did not have skin redness compared with the foam cushion group (8.51%), which indicated a significant difference. This study showed that the use of tragacanth gel cushion is effective in the prevention of pressure ulcers in ICU patients. Cushions filled with tragacanth gel also delayed the onset of erythema. Considering their cost-effectiveness and naturalness, the use of tragacanth gel cushions is recommended to improve the sacral skin health and prevent pressure ulcers.
压疮是重症监护病房（ICU）患者中最常见且疼痛的并发症之一。本研究旨在比较黄蓍胶凝胶坐垫和泡沫填充坐垫在预防压疮方面的效果。这项三盲、随机临床试验在伊朗马什哈德塔莱哈尼医院ICU收治的94例患者中进行。参与者被分为黄蓍胶凝胶垫组和泡沫组（每组n = 47）。两组均接受所有常规护理。在为期十天的时间里，每天对参与者进行检查。我们将骶部区域视为受影响最严重的部位，将出现红斑的患者排除在研究之外。使用Stata 12版本进行数据分析，采用卡方检验、费舍尔精确检验和t检验。数据显示，入院后分别在6.84（1.58）天和5.67（1.26）天，黄蓍胶凝胶坐垫组和泡沫坐垫组在皮肤发红发生率方面存在显著差异。此外，黄蓍胶凝胶坐垫组有14例患者（29.7%）未出现皮肤发红，而泡沫坐垫组为8.51%，这表明存在显著差异。本研究表明，使用黄蓍胶凝胶坐垫对预防ICU患者压疮有效。填充黄蓍胶凝胶的坐垫还能延迟红斑的出现。考虑到其成本效益和天然性，建议使用黄蓍胶凝胶坐垫来改善骶部皮肤健康并预防压疮。
