College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, 130000, China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2019 Jun;89:141-148. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.047. Epub 2019 Mar 26.
Cadmium (Cd) is the most common heavy metal and is easily detected in aquatic environments worldwide. The genus Bacillus was one of dominant probiotics, which was commonly used in aquaculture. The present study was undertaken to explore the effects of Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) supplementation on hematological parameters and the immune response of Carassius auratus gibelio (C. gibelio) following Cd exposure. Fish were exposed to waterborne Cd (0, 1 and 2 mg/L) and/or treated with dietary B. cereus at 10 cfu/g for four weeks. The hematological disturbances observed after exposure of waterborne Cd included significant decreases in red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration and hematocrit (HCT). While significant elevation (P < 0.05) of RBC count, HCT and Hb levels in the 1 and 2 mg/L Cd-B. cereus administration group at 4 weeks, compared with the Cd-only group. Among serum enzymatic activities, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) activities by Cd exposure were significantly higher than controls, but this increase was effectively inhibited in Cd-B. cereus administration groups. In the Cd-B. cereus administration group, significant down-regulation of Hsp70, Hsp90, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in conjunction with the up-regulation of IgM and LZM in the spleen indicated that B. cereus alleviated the Cd-induced damage to the immune system to some degree. The results of this study suggested that B. cereus has the potential to countermeasure Cd-induced hematological disturbances and immunosuppression in C. gibelio.
镉 (Cd) 是最常见的重金属，在全球水生环境中很容易被检测到。芽孢杆菌属是一种优势益生菌，常用于水产养殖。本研究旨在探讨蜡样芽孢杆菌 (B. cereus) 补充对鲫鱼 (C. gibelio) 在暴露于镉后的血液学参数和免疫反应的影响。鱼暴露于水基 Cd（0、1 和 2 mg/L）和/或用 10 cfu/g 的饮食 B. cereus 处理 4 周。水基 Cd 暴露后观察到的血液学紊乱包括红细胞 (RBC) 计数、血红蛋白 (Hb) 浓度和血细胞比容 (HCT) 的显著下降。而在 1 和 2 mg/L Cd-B. cereus 给药组在 4 周时，与单独 Cd 组相比，RBC 计数、HCT 和 Hb 水平显著升高 (P < 0.05)。在血清酶活性方面，Cd 暴露导致天冬氨酸转氨酶 (AST) 和丙氨酸转氨酶 (ALT) 活性显著高于对照组，但在 Cd-B. cereus 给药组中这种增加得到了有效抑制。在 Cd-B. cereus 给药组中，Hsp70、Hsp90、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10 和 TNF-α 的下调与脾脏中 IgM 和 LZM 的上调相结合，表明 B. cereus 在一定程度上缓解了 Cd 引起的免疫系统损伤。本研究结果表明，B. cereus 具有减轻 Cd 诱导的鲫鱼血液学紊乱和免疫抑制的潜力。
