Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Department of Physiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res. 2020 Mar;1867(3):118465. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.03.012. Epub 2019 Mar 31.
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and their processing enzymes have long-recognized roles in cardiac and skeletal muscle pathophysiology. Recently, tRNA fragments have emerged as a new class of non-coding RNAs involved in the regulation of cell function. In this review, we provide a synopsis of the molecular processes that regulate the biogenesis, post-transcriptional regulation and functional roles of tRNAs in cardiac and skeletal muscle. In addition, we list the (dys)regulated expression profiles and putative functional roles of tRNA-derived small RNAs in the heart and skeletal muscle. Finally, the technical challenges surrounding tRNA research are discussed alongside suggestions to advance research in this field.
转移 RNA（tRNA）及其加工酶在心脏和骨骼肌病理生理学中一直具有重要作用。最近，tRNA 片段作为一类新的非编码 RNA 出现，参与细胞功能的调节。在这篇综述中，我们概述了调节 tRNA 在心脏和骨骼肌中的生物发生、转录后调控和功能作用的分子过程。此外，我们列出了 tRNA 衍生的小 RNA 在心脏和骨骼肌中的（失调）表达谱和可能的功能作用。最后，讨论了 tRNA 研究面临的技术挑战，并提出了推进该领域研究的建议。
