Fangshan Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102400, China.
Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated with Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China.
Aging (Albany NY). 2022 Sep 29;14(19):8110-8136. doi: 10.18632/aging.204311.
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide that bears an enormous healthcare burden and aging is a major contributing factor to CVDs. Functional gene expression network during aging is regulated by mRNAs transcriptionally and by non-coding RNAs epi-transcriptionally. RNA modifications alter the stability and function of both mRNAs and non-coding RNAs and are involved in differentiation, development, and diseases. Here we review major chemical RNA modifications on mRNAs and non-coding RNAs, including N6-adenosine methylation, N1-adenosine methylation, 5-methylcytidine, pseudouridylation, 2' -O-ribose-methylation, and N7-methylguanosine, in the aging process with an emphasis on cardiovascular aging. We also summarize the currently available methods to detect RNA modifications and the bioinformatic tools to study RNA modifications. More importantly, we discussed the specific implication of the RNA modifications on mRNAs and non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of aging-associated CVDs, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, coronary heart diseases, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral artery disease, venous insufficiency, and stroke.
心血管疾病（CVD）是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因，给医疗保健带来了巨大负担，而衰老则是 CVD 的主要促成因素。衰老过程中的功能性基因表达网络受到 mRNA 转录调控和非编码 RNA 顺式转录调控。RNA 修饰改变了 mRNA 和非编码 RNA 的稳定性和功能，并参与了分化、发育和疾病。在这里，我们综述了 mRNAs 和非编码 RNA 上的主要化学 RNA 修饰，包括 N6-腺苷甲基化、N1-腺苷甲基化、5-甲基胞嘧啶、假尿嘧啶化、2'-O-核糖甲基化和 N7-甲基鸟苷，重点关注心血管衰老。我们还总结了目前用于检测 RNA 修饰的方法和用于研究 RNA 修饰的生物信息学工具。更重要的是，我们讨论了 RNA 修饰对与衰老相关的 CVD 发病机制中 mRNAs 和非编码 RNA 的具体影响，包括动脉粥样硬化、高血压、冠心病、充血性心力衰竭、心房颤动、外周动脉疾病、静脉功能不全和中风。
