Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.
Speech Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
Sci Rep. 2019 Apr 5;9(1):5686. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-41794-x.
Accurate integration of sensory inputs and motor commands is essential to achieve successful behavioral goals. A robust model of sensorimotor integration is the pitch perturbation response, in which speakers respond rapidly to shifts of the pitch in their auditory feedback. In a previous study, we demonstrated abnormal sensorimotor integration in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) with an abnormally enhanced behavioral response to pitch perturbation. Here we examine the neural correlates of the abnormal pitch perturbation response in AD patients, using magnetoencephalographic imaging. The participants phonated the vowel /α/ while a real-time signal processor briefly perturbed the pitch (100 cents, 400 ms) of their auditory feedback. We examined the high-gamma band (65-150 Hz) responses during this task. AD patients showed significantly reduced left prefrontal activity during the early phase of perturbation and increased right middle temporal activity during the later phase of perturbation, compared to controls. Activity in these brain regions significantly correlated with the behavioral response. These results demonstrate that impaired prefrontal modulation of speech-motor-control network and additional recruitment of right temporal regions are significant mediators of aberrant sensorimotor integration in patients with AD. The abnormal neural integration mechanisms signify the contribution of cortical network dysfunction to cognitive and behavioral deficits in AD.
准确整合感觉输入和运动指令对于实现成功的行为目标至关重要。感觉运动整合的一个强大模型是音高扰动反应,即说话者对听觉反馈中的音高变化做出快速反应。在之前的研究中,我们证明了阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者的感觉运动整合异常,他们对音高扰动的行为反应异常增强。在这里,我们使用脑磁图成像技术研究 AD 患者异常音高扰动反应的神经相关性。参与者在发出元音 /α/的同时,实时信号处理器会短暂地扰动他们听觉反馈的音高(100 音分,400ms)。我们在这项任务中检查了高伽马波段(65-150Hz)的反应。与对照组相比,AD 患者在扰动的早期阶段左前额叶活动明显减少,在扰动的后期阶段右颞叶中间活动增加。这些脑区的活动与行为反应显著相关。这些结果表明,AD 患者言语运动控制网络中前额叶调节功能受损,以及右侧颞叶区域的额外募集,是异常感觉运动整合的重要介导因素。异常的神经整合机制表明皮质网络功能障碍对 AD 的认知和行为缺陷有贡献。