Hou Wenjing, Xiao Yaoming, Han Gaoyi, Lin Jeng-Yu
Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province, Innovation Center of Chemistry and Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Tatung University, Taipei 104, Taiwan.
Polymers (Basel). 2019 Jan 15;11(1):143. doi: 10.3390/polym11010143.
The emerging dye-sensitized solar cells, perovskite solar cells, and organic solar cells have been regarded as promising photovoltaic technologies. The device structures and components of these solar cells are imperative to the device's efficiency and stability. Polymers can be used to adjust the device components and structures of these solar cells purposefully, due to their diversified properties. In dye-sensitized solar cells, polymers can be used as flexible substrates, pore- and film-forming agents of photoanode films, platinum-free counter electrodes, and the frameworks of quasi-solid-state electrolytes. In perovskite solar cells, polymers can be used as the additives to adjust the nucleation and crystallization processes in perovskite films. The polymers can also be used as hole transfer materials, electron transfer materials, and interface layer to enhance the carrier separation efficiency and reduce the recombination. In organic solar cells, polymers are often used as donor layers, buffer layers, and other polymer-based micro/nanostructures in binary or ternary devices to influence device performances. The current achievements about the applications of polymers in solar cells are reviewed and analyzed. In addition, the benefits of polymers for solar cells, the challenges for practical application, and possible solutions are also assessed.
新兴的染料敏化太阳能电池、钙钛矿太阳能电池和有机太阳能电池被视为有前景的光伏技术。这些太阳能电池的器件结构和组件对于器件的效率和稳定性至关重要。由于聚合物具有多样的性质，它们可被用于有目的地调整这些太阳能电池的器件组件和结构。在染料敏化太阳能电池中，聚合物可用作柔性基底、光阳极膜的成孔剂和制膜剂、无铂对电极以及准固态电解质的骨架。在钙钛矿太阳能电池中，聚合物可用作添加剂来调节钙钛矿膜中的成核和结晶过程。聚合物还可用作空穴传输材料、电子传输材料和界面层，以提高载流子分离效率并减少复合。在有机太阳能电池中，聚合物常用于二元或三元器件中的供体层、缓冲层以及其他基于聚合物的微/纳米结构，以影响器件性能。本文对聚合物在太阳能电池中的应用的当前成果进行了综述和分析。此外，还评估了聚合物对太阳能电池的益处、实际应用面临的挑战以及可能的解决方案。
