Nacht C A, Schutz Y, Vernet O, Christin L, Jéquier E
Am J Physiol. 1986 Nov;251(5 Pt 1):E524-9. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.1986.251.5.E524.
Continuous respiratory exchange measurements were performed on five women and five men for 1 h before and 6 h after the administration of a milkshake (53% carbohydrates, 30% lipid, and 17% protein energy) given either as a single bolus dose or continuously during 3 h using a nasogastric tube. The energy administered corresponded to 2.3 times the postabsorptive resting energy expenditure. Resting energy expenditure, respiratory quotient, plasma glucose, and insulin concentrations increased sooner and steeper, and plasma free fatty acids levels decreased earlier with the meal ingested as a single dose than with continuous administration. The magnitude of nutrient-induced thermogenesis was greater (P less than 0.01) with the single dose (means +/- SE, 10.0 +/- 0.6%) than with the continuous administration (8.1 +/- 0.5%). The overall (6 h) substrate balances were not significantly different between the two modes of administration. It is concluded that the mode of enteral nutrient administration influences the immediate thermogenic response as well as changes in respiratory quotient, glycemia, and insulinemia; however, the overall nutrient balance was not affected by the mode of enteral nutrient administration.
对五名女性和五名男性进行持续呼吸交换测量，在给予奶昔（碳水化合物占53%、脂质占30%、蛋白质能量占17%）之前1小时以及之后6小时进行测量，奶昔以单次推注剂量给予或通过鼻胃管在3小时内持续给予。给予的能量相当于吸收后静息能量消耗的2.3倍。与持续给药相比，单次摄入餐食时，静息能量消耗、呼吸商、血浆葡萄糖和胰岛素浓度升高得更快、更显著，血浆游离脂肪酸水平下降得更早。单次给药时营养诱导的产热幅度（平均值±标准误，10.0±0.6%）大于持续给药（8.1±0.5%）（P<0.01）。两种给药方式之间的总体（6小时）底物平衡无显著差异。得出的结论是，肠内营养给药方式会影响即时产热反应以及呼吸商、血糖和胰岛素血症的变化；然而，肠内营养给药方式并不影响总体营养平衡。
