Giorgi Gabriele, Arcangeli Giulio, Perminiene Milda, Lorini Chiara, Ariza-Montes Antonio, Fiz-Perez Javier, Di Fabio Annamaria, Mucci Nicola
Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2017 Dec 12;8:2166. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02166. eCollection 2017.
For a number of years now, banks have been going through enormous changes in organization and structure. New technology and new ways of structuring the operation have left their mark on the working conditions and daily lives of employees. Deregulation of labor markets, emerging technologies and new types of jobs have significantly reshaping working lives by continuous changes on employment and working conditions. Such a scenario has a relevant impact not only on companies' organization but also on working population's health. The banking sector is particularly well-deserved of a specific and thorough analysis, in view of the recent increase in psycho-social disorders of employees. This may be related to the major organizational changes affecting this sector and, in particular, to the restructuring processes resulting from the global economic crisis. Our aim is to assess the scale of the phenomenon and how far it relates specifically to the processes of bank organization. With this in mind, through a review of the literature, we selected the main studies dealing with work-related stress in banking, so that we could reach a better understanding of the phenomenon as it relates specifically to this set of workers. The search took place on the MEDLINE® database; in total 20 articles were chosen. There was uniform agreement among the studies that stress in the banking workplace is now at critical levels, and that it can have deleterious psychological effects on workers, and on their physical health, and that organizations, too, are affected. Most studies showed that mental health problems had increased in the banking sector, and that they were stress-related. Examples began with anxiety and depression, carried on through maladaptive behaviors, and ended in job burnout. The reviewed studies' limitations were then discussed, and possible ways forward considered.
多年来，银行一直在经历组织和结构上的巨大变革。新技术和新的运营结构方式给员工的工作条件和日常生活留下了印记。劳动力市场的放松管制、新兴技术和新型工作通过就业和工作条件的持续变化显著重塑了工作生活。这种情况不仅对公司组织有相关影响，而且对劳动人口的健康也有影响。鉴于员工心理社会障碍最近有所增加，银行业尤其值得进行具体而深入的分析。这可能与影响该部门的重大组织变革有关，特别是与全球经济危机导致的重组过程有关。我们的目的是评估这一现象的规模以及它与银行组织过程的具体关联程度。考虑到这一点，通过文献综述，我们挑选了主要的关于银行业工作压力的研究，以便我们能更好地理解这一与这组员工具体相关的现象。搜索在MEDLINE®数据库上进行；总共挑选了20篇文章。这些研究一致认为，银行工作场所的压力现在处于临界水平，它会对员工及其身体健康产生有害的心理影响，而且组织也会受到影响。大多数研究表明，银行业的心理健康问题有所增加，且与压力有关。例子从焦虑和抑郁开始，接着是适应不良行为，最后是职业倦怠。然后讨论了所审查研究的局限性，并考虑了可能的前进方向。
