Department for Small Animals, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Lipidomics Facility, Utrecht University, CM Utrecht, Netherlands.
PLoS One. 2019 Apr 16;14(4):e0215435. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215435. eCollection 2019.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and food-responsive diarrhea (FRD) are common chronic enteropathies in dogs, of which the exact pathogenesis has not been fully understood. In people dyslipidemia has been reported in patients with IBD, and potential therapeutic benefits of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the treatment of IBD have been investigated. Studies on the phospholipid profile in dogs with IBD and FRD are still lacking.
To investigate the systemic phospholipid profile of dogs with IBD or FRD and to evaluate possible differences in phospholipids before and after treatment.
The phospholipids in whole blood and EDTA plasma of 32 dogs diagnosed with either IBD (n = 16) or FRD (n = 16) were analyzed by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) prior to and after initiation of treatment, which included an elimination diet enriched with PUFAs.
A clear separation of the phospholipids between whole blood and plasma was demonstrated on principal component analysis plots. In addition to the type of specimen, treatment and disease severity were the most significant factors determining the variance of the phospholipid profile. An increase in lysolipids was observed after treatment. The phosphatidylcholine (PC) species changed from PC 38:4 before treatment to mainly lysophosphatidylcholine 18:0 after treatment. Furthermore, several differences in the abundance of individual phospholipids were identified between dogs with IBD and dogs with FRD and between treatment statuses using random forest analysis.
Significant variances were identified in the phospholipid profiles of dogs with IBD and FRD. These were particularly determined by type of specimen used, disease severity and treatment status. After treatment, a shift of phospholipid species towards lysophosphatidylcholine 18:0 was observed. Future studies should further investigate the role of lipids in the pathophysiology of IBD and FRD as well as their potential therapeutic benefits.
炎症性肠病（IBD）和食物反应性腹泻（FRD）是犬常见的慢性肠病，其确切发病机制尚未完全了解。在人类中，IBD 患者存在血脂异常，并且已经研究了多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）在治疗 IBD 中的潜在治疗益处。关于 IBD 和 FRD 犬的磷脂谱的研究仍然缺乏。
研究 IBD 或 FRD 犬的系统性磷脂谱，并评估治疗前后磷脂的可能差异。
在开始治疗之前和之后，使用亲水相互作用液相色谱（HILIC）分析 32 只被诊断患有 IBD（n = 16）或 FRD（n = 16）的犬的全血和 EDTA 血浆中的磷脂，治疗包括富含 PUFAs 的消除饮食。
主成分分析图清楚地区分了全血和血浆中的磷脂。除了标本类型外，治疗和疾病严重程度是决定磷脂谱方差的最重要因素。治疗后观察到溶血磷脂增加。磷脂酰胆碱（PC）的种类从治疗前的 PC 38:4 变为主要的溶血磷脂酰胆碱 18:0。此外，使用随机森林分析在 IBD 和 FRD 犬之间以及在治疗状态之间确定了个体磷脂丰度的几个差异。
在 IBD 和 FRD 犬的磷脂谱中发现了显著的差异。这些差异主要由使用的标本类型、疾病严重程度和治疗状态决定。治疗后，观察到磷脂种类向溶血磷脂酰胆碱 18:0 转移。未来的研究应进一步探讨脂质在 IBD 和 FRD 病理生理学中的作用及其潜在的治疗益处。
