Laboratory of Functional Medicine, Division of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases and Injury, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China.
Department of Nutrition Hygiene, Division of Health Risk Factor Monitoring and Control, Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Apr 16;16(8):1366. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16081366.
The exposure of pregnant women to phthalates is a major concern due to their adverse effect on developmental outcomes. Diet is an important pathway for exposure to phthalate compounds. Nevertheless, studies on dietary exposure of pregnant women to phthalates in China are limited. We aimed to assess the distribution and dietary predictors of phthalate exposure among pregnant women in China. We measured the levels of 10 urinary phthalate metabolites using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry in 210 pregnant women as part of the 2015 China National Chronic Disease and Nutrition Survey in Shanghai. We assessed the urinary specific gravity-adjusted phthalate metabolite levels along with potential demographic and dietary predictors. Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between each potential demographic variable and dietary predictor and urinary phthalate metabolites. Seven urinary phthalate metabolites were detected in >95% of pregnant women. The geometric mean (GM) of urinary phthalate biomarker values were highest for monobutyl phthalate (GM: 25.29 ng/mL) and monoisobutyl phthalate (GM:11.18 ng/mL). Multivariate regression analysis indicated that a lower educational level was associated with elevated urinary phthalate metabolite levels. Edible seaweed consumption had a positive correlation with urinary monoethyl phthalate and monoisobutyl phthalate levels, and the total molar sum of Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites. These findings offer important data on the dietary exposure to phthalates in pregnant Chinese women and suggest interventions to improve food safety.
孕妇接触邻苯二甲酸酯是一个主要关注点，因为它们会对发育结果产生不良影响。饮食是接触邻苯二甲酸酯化合物的一个重要途径。然而，中国关于孕妇饮食接触邻苯二甲酸酯的研究有限。我们旨在评估中国孕妇邻苯二甲酸酯暴露的分布和饮食预测因素。我们在中国 2015 年全国慢性病与营养调查中，对 210 名孕妇进行了 10 种尿邻苯二甲酸代谢物的高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析。我们评估了尿比重校正后的邻苯二甲酸代谢物水平以及潜在的人口统计学和饮食预测因素。多变量线性回归分析用于检查每个潜在的人口统计学变量和饮食预测因素与尿邻苯二甲酸代谢物之间的关系。在>95%的孕妇中检测到 7 种尿邻苯二甲酸代谢物。尿邻苯二甲酸生物标志物值的几何平均值（GM）最高的是单丁基邻苯二甲酸（GM：25.29ng/mL）和单异丁基邻苯二甲酸（GM：11.18ng/mL）。多变量回归分析表明，较低的教育水平与尿液中邻苯二甲酸代谢物水平升高有关。食用海藻与尿单乙基邻苯二甲酸和单异丁基邻苯二甲酸水平以及二-（2-乙基己基）邻苯二甲酸代谢物的总摩尔和呈正相关。这些发现为中国孕妇饮食接触邻苯二甲酸酯提供了重要数据，并提出了改善食品安全的干预措施。
