Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, East Providence, RI, United States.
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, East Providence, RI, United States.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2019 Jul;102:13-23. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.03.023. Epub 2019 Apr 17.
With growing interest in the gut microbiome, prebiotics and probiotics have received considerable attention as potential treatments for depression and anxiety. We conducted a random-effects meta-analysis of 34 controlled clinical trials evaluating the effects of prebiotics and probiotics on depression and anxiety. Prebiotics did not differ from placebo for depression (d = -.08, p = .51) or anxiety (d = .12, p = .11). Probiotics yielded small but significant effects for depression (d = -.24, p < .01) and anxiety (d = -.10, p = .03). Sample type was a moderator for probiotics and depression, with a larger effect observed for clinical/medical samples (d = -.45, p < .001) than community ones. This effect increased to medium-to-large in a preliminary analysis restricted to psychiatric samples (d = -.73, p < .001). There is general support for antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of probiotics, but the pooled effects were reduced by the paucity of trials with clinical samples. Additional randomized clinical trials with psychiatric samples are necessary fully to evaluate their therapeutic potential.
随着人们对肠道微生物组的兴趣日益浓厚，作为治疗抑郁症和焦虑症的潜在方法，益生元和益生菌受到了相当多的关注。我们对 34 项评估益生元和益生菌对抑郁症和焦虑症影响的对照临床试验进行了随机效应荟萃分析。对于抑郁症（d=-.08，p=.51）或焦虑症（d=-.12，p=.11），益生元与安慰剂无差异。益生菌对抑郁症（d=-.24，p<.01）和焦虑症（d=-.10，p=.03）有较小但显著的影响。样本类型是益生菌与抑郁症之间的一个调节因素，临床/医学样本的效果更大（d=-.45，p<.001），而社区样本的效果较小。在仅限于精神科样本的初步分析中，这种效果增加到中到大（d=-.73，p<.001）。益生菌具有抗抑郁和抗焦虑作用，但由于缺乏临床样本的试验，汇总效果降低。需要有更多的精神科样本的随机临床试验来充分评估它们的治疗潜力。
