Department of Polymer and Process Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, India.
Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, India.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2019 Jul 15;133:592-602. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.113. Epub 2019 Apr 17.
Bone damage, due to congenital defects, trauma and sports-related injuries, has become a foremost health problem all over the world. The present study involves fabrication of a nanocomposite scaffold of graphene oxide (GO), gelatin and alginate, with an aim of enhancing bone regeneration. The effect of varying concentration of GO on the scaffold properties was also determined. The incorporation of GO enhanced the compressive strength of the nanocomposite scaffolds significantly compared to the gelatin-alginate (GA) scaffold which is without GO. High % swelling (700%) of the nanocomposite scaffold indicates its high hydrophilicity, which is suitable for tissue engineering. Slow biodegradation (30% in 28 days) indicates its suitability for bone regeneration. In vitro studies, by seeding MG-63 cells over the nanocomposite scaffolds, revealed an enhancement in cell attachment and proliferation as compared to the GA scaffold: this indicates the positive effect of the GO on the scaffold properties which, in turn, can enhance bone regeneration. Cell differentiation studies, with the mesenchymal stem cells seeded scaffolds, revealed higher expression of osteoblast transcription factors (Runx2 and Osteocalcin) and alkaline phosphatase activity-indicating the scaffold to be a good osteoinductive material. Thus, the nanocomposite scaffold will be a potential scaffold for bone tissue engineering.
骨损伤，由于先天缺陷、创伤和与运动相关的损伤，已成为全世界首要的健康问题。本研究涉及到氧化石墨烯（GO）、明胶和海藻酸钠的纳米复合支架的制备，目的是增强骨再生。还确定了 GO 的浓度变化对支架性能的影响。与不含 GO 的氧化石墨烯-海藻酸钠（GA）支架相比，GO 的加入显著提高了纳米复合支架的压缩强度。纳米复合支架具有高的溶胀率（700%），表明其具有高的亲水性，适用于组织工程。缓慢的生物降解（28 天内 30%）表明其适用于骨再生。通过在纳米复合支架上接种 MG-63 细胞进行体外研究，与 GA 支架相比，细胞附着和增殖得到增强：这表明 GO 对支架性能有积极影响，这反过来又可以增强骨再生。用间充质干细胞接种支架进行细胞分化研究，发现成骨转录因子（Runx2 和骨钙素）和碱性磷酸酶活性的表达更高，表明支架是一种良好的成骨诱导材料。因此，纳米复合支架将是一种有潜力的骨组织工程支架。
