Division of Water Resources Engineering, LTH Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden.
Chemosphere. 2019 Jul;227:624-629. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.074. Epub 2019 Apr 11.
The use of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) containing aqueous film forming foams (AFFF) at fire training facilities can have an adverse impact on the surrounding environment. The aim of the present study was to study the distribution and temporal trend of 26 PFAS in water and sediment cores for a lake and a pond affected by AFFF release from a fire training facility in Luleå, northern Sweden. In the aqueous phase, maximum ΣPFAS concentration was 1.700 ± 90 ng L. Dominant PFAS groups were perfluoroalkane sulfonates (PFSAs) with 70% of the ΣPFAS, followed by perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs, 29%), whereas the contribution of 6:2 fluorotelomer carboxylate (FTSAs) was low (<1%). In the sediment core samples, ΣPFAS concentrations ranged between <1 μg kg dry weight (dw) and 76 μg kg dw, where perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) had an average contribution of ∼71% and ∼23% of the ΣPFAS. The sediment core analysis indicated that the PFAS contamination began about 1994 and the highest accumulation rate was observed for the period 2003-2009. The PFAS flux increased from 2.3 μg m yr dw in 1994 to 12 μg m yr dw by 2009. Over the accumulation period 1994-2009, the lake sediment surface received 213 μg m dw for ƩPFAS, where PFOS contributed with 125 μg m yr dw and PFHxS with 65 μg m dw. Results point to that sediment cores collected near PFAS hotspot areas can be used as a contamination record to reconstruct release history.
使用含有全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 的水成膜泡沫 (AFFF) 在消防训练设施中可能会对周围环境产生不利影响。本研究的目的是研究受瑞典北部吕勒奥消防训练设施 AFFF 释放影响的湖泊和池塘的水和沉积物芯中 26 种 PFAS 的分布和时间趋势。在水相中，ΣPFAS 的最大浓度为 1.700 ± 90 ng/L。占主导地位的 PFAS 组是全氟烷磺酸 (PFSAs)，占 ΣPFAS 的 70%，其次是全氟烷基羧酸 (PFCAs，29%)，而 6:2 氟代 telomer 羧酸 (FTSAs) 的贡献较低 (<1%)。在沉积物芯样品中，ΣPFAS 浓度范围为 <1μg/kg 干重 (dw) 和 76μg/kg dw，其中全氟辛烷磺酸 (PFOS) 和全氟己烷磺酸 (PFHxS) 分别占 ΣPFAS 的平均 71%和 23%。沉积物芯分析表明，PFAS 污染始于 1994 年左右，2003-2009 年期间的积累速率最高。PFAS 通量从 1994 年的 2.3μg/myr dw 增加到 2009 年的 12μg/myr dw。在 1994-2009 年的积累期间，湖泊沉积物表面接收了 213μg/m dw 的 ΣPFAS，其中 PFOS 贡献了 125μg/m yr dw，PFHxS 贡献了 65μg/m yr dw。结果表明，在 PFAS 热点地区附近采集的沉积物芯可用作污染记录，以重建释放历史。
