Pierattini Erika Carla, Bedini Stefano, Venturi Francesca, Ascrizzi Roberta, Flamini Guido, Bocchino Rossella, Girardi Jessica, Giannotti Paolo, Ferroni Giuseppe, Conti Barbara
Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Insects. 2019 Apr 20;10(4):114. doi: 10.3390/insects10040114.
Essential oils (EOs) have gained increasing interest as a low-toxic, eco-friendly alternative to synthetic repellents and insecticides against insect pests. However, they have scarce practical application in the protection of stored grain because of their limited efficacy and their interference with the organoleptic properties of the grain. In this study, we evaluated the olfactory profile of the EOs of , , and and their toxicity against the main stored grain pest . Trained assessors identified and , as more suitable than the EO for the wheat treatment. In laboratory tests, the most toxic EO was the (LC = 36.36 μL∙kg) while, the least toxic, was the one (LC = 77.59 μL∙kg). The EOs were also tested combined with diatomaceous earths (DEs) showing synergistic effects (co-toxicity coefficient values ranging from 1.36 to 3.35 for and EOs, respectively). Overall, resulted as the best EO for the wheat treatment, considering its insect toxicity and olfactory profile. In real storage conditions, the wheat co-treated with EO and DEs showed a significantly lower mean infestation (1.5 insect kg) than the non-treated wheat (7.0 insect kg).
作为一种低毒、环保的替代合成驱避剂和杀虫剂防治害虫的方法，精油（EOs）越来越受到关注。然而，由于其有限的功效以及对谷物感官特性的干扰，它们在储存谷物保护方面的实际应用很少。在本研究中，我们评估了[具体植物名称1]、[具体植物名称2]和[具体植物名称3]精油的嗅觉特征及其对主要储粮害虫[害虫名称]的毒性。经过培训的评估人员确定，[具体植物名称1]和[具体植物名称2]精油比[具体植物名称3]精油更适合用于小麦处理。在实验室测试中，毒性最强的精油是[具体植物名称1]（LC₅₀ = 36.36 μL∙kg⁻¹），而毒性最弱的是[具体植物名称3]精油（LC₅₀ = 77.59 μL∙kg⁻¹）。这些精油还与硅藻土（DEs）联合测试，显示出协同效应（[具体植物名称1]和[具体植物名称2]精油的共毒系数值分别为1.36至3.35）。总体而言，考虑到其对昆虫的毒性和嗅觉特征，[具体植物名称1]精油是小麦处理的最佳选择。在实际储存条件下，用[具体植物名称1]精油和硅藻土共同处理的小麦平均虫害发生率（1.5只昆虫/kg）明显低于未处理的小麦（7.0只昆虫/kg）。
