Collins Matthew H
Hope Clinic of the Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Decatur, GA 30030, USA.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2019 Apr 19;4(2):68. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed4020068.
Zika virus is an emerging mosquito-borne flavivirus that recently caused a large epidemic in Latin America characterized by novel disease phenotypes, including Guillain-Barré syndrome, sexual transmission, and congenital anomalies, such as microcephaly. This epidemic, which was declared an international public health emergency by the World Health Organization, has highlighted shortcomings in our current understanding of, and preparation for, emerging infectious diseases in general, as well as challenges that are specific to Zika virus infection. Vaccine development for Zika virus has been a high priority of the public health response, and several candidates have shown promise in pre-clinical and early phase clinical trials. The optimal selection and implementation of imperfect serologic assays are among the crucial issues that must be addressed in order to advance Zika vaccine development. Here, I review key considerations for how best to incorporate into Zika vaccine trials the existing serologic tools, as well as those on the horizon. Beyond that, this discussion is relevant to other intervention strategies to combat Zika and likely other emerging infectious diseases.
寨卡病毒是一种新出现的经蚊子传播的黄病毒，最近在拉丁美洲引发了大规模疫情，其特征为出现了包括吉兰-巴雷综合征、性传播以及小头畸形等先天性异常在内的新型疾病表型。这场被世界卫生组织宣布为国际公共卫生紧急事件的疫情，凸显了我们目前对一般新发传染病的认识和应对准备方面的不足，以及寨卡病毒感染所特有的挑战。寨卡病毒疫苗研发一直是公共卫生应对工作的重中之重，有几种候选疫苗在临床前和早期临床试验中已显示出前景。为推进寨卡疫苗研发，必须解决的关键问题之一是如何优化选择和应用并不完美的血清学检测方法。在此，我将探讨如何将现有血清学工具以及即将出现的工具最佳地纳入寨卡疫苗试验的关键考量因素。除此之外，这一讨论也适用于抗击寨卡病毒以及可能的其他新发传染病的其他干预策略。
