Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Heslington, York, United Kingdom.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2019 Mar;80(2):149-157. doi: 10.15288/jsad.2019.80.149.
This review examines public health surveillance (PHS) studies of alcohol industry actors that explore the implications of the integration of business and political strategies for public health.
Eligible for inclusion were studies published in English language peer-reviewed journals since 1980 that sought to investigate both alcohol industry business and political strategies and their implications for public health. Studies were also required to present economic, political, and health data together. Seven databases were searched until May 2018.
Six studies were identified as eligible for inclusion in this review, undertaken in high-, middle-, and low-income countries and published between 2000 and 2015. Political strategies are driven largely by business interests, whether at the company, sectoral, or industry level, and corporate social responsibility activities may be integrated within overall strategies. There is a high degree of collaboration in political strategy development between companies, facilitated by growing concentration among global producers operating in increasingly oligopolistic markets. There are limited insights into the dynamics of market competition and limited methodological data available.
PHS studies play a valuable role in identifying aspects of alcohol industry strategies that warrant more detailed and carefully designed research, as well as in elucidating global health implications. Further research in PHS and other kinds of studies will assist efforts to reduce the global burden of disease caused by alcohol.
本综述考察了公共卫生监测（PHS）研究中关于酒精行业行为者的研究，这些研究探讨了商业和政治策略融合对公共卫生的影响。
符合纳入标准的研究是指自 1980 年以来在英文同行评议期刊上发表的研究，旨在调查酒精行业的商业和政治策略及其对公共卫生的影响。这些研究还必须同时呈现经济、政治和健康数据。研究人员共检索了七个数据库，检索截至日期为 2018 年 5 月。
本综述共纳入了 6 项研究，这些研究分别在高、中、低收入国家进行，发表时间在 2000 年至 2015 年之间。政治策略主要由商业利益驱动，无论是在公司、部门还是行业层面，企业社会责任活动都可能融入到整体战略中。在政治战略制定方面，公司之间存在着高度的合作，这得益于在日益寡头垄断的市场中运营的全球生产商的集中程度不断提高。对于市场竞争的动态，研究的深入程度有限，可获得的方法数据也有限。
PHS 研究在识别需要更详细和精心设计的研究的酒精行业策略方面发挥了重要作用，也阐明了全球健康的影响。PHS 和其他类型研究的进一步研究将有助于减少酒精导致的全球疾病负担。
