Unit of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
Division of Biomedical Physics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Photochem Photobiol. 2019 Sep;95(5):1258-1266. doi: 10.1111/php.13111. Epub 2019 Jun 6.
The ultraviolet-A (UVA) part of the solar spectrum at the Earth's surface is an essential environmental factor but continuous long-time monitoring of UVA radiation is rarely done. In Austria, three existing stations of the UV monitoring network have been upgraded with UVA broadband instruments. At each station, one instrument measures global UVA irradiance and-in parallel-a second instrument measures diffuse irradiance. Recent and past measurements are available via a web page. This paper describes the used instruments, calibration and quality assurance and control procedures. Global and diffuse UVA measurements during a period of up to 5 years are presented. Data indicate clear annual courses and an increase of UVA with altitude by 8-9% per 1000 m. In the first half of the year, UVA radiation is higher than in the second half, due to less cloudiness. In Vienna (153 m asl), the mean daily global UVA radiant exposure in summer is almost as high as at Mt. Gerlitzen (1540 m asl), equalizing the altitude effect, due to less cloudiness. However, in winter, the UVA radiant exposure at Mt. Gerlitzen is double as high, as in Vienna.
太阳光谱中的紫外线-A（UVA）部分是地球表面的一个重要环境因素，但很少对 UVA 辐射进行连续长时间的监测。在奥地利，紫外线监测网络的三个现有站点已经用 UVA 宽带仪器进行了升级。在每个站点，一台仪器测量全球 UVA 辐照度，同时另一台仪器测量散射辐照度。最近和过去的测量结果可通过网页获得。本文介绍了所用仪器、校准以及质量保证和控制程序。给出了长达 5 年的全球和散射 UVA 测量结果。数据表明，UVA 存在明显的年度变化，且每升高 1000 米，UVA 增加 8-9%。由于云量较少，上半年的 UVA 辐射高于下半年。在维也纳（海拔 153 米），夏季日平均全球 UVA 辐射暴露量几乎与海拔 1540 米的盖尔利岑山（Gerlitzen）相同，这抵消了海拔高度的影响，因为云量较少。然而，在冬季，盖尔利岑山的 UVA 辐射暴露量是维也纳的两倍。
