Departament of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
Sci Total Environ. 2019 Jun 20;670:1170-1183. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.275. Epub 2019 Mar 21.
The variations of haematological parameters hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration, leukocyte and erythrocyte count have been used as pollution and physiological indicators of organic dysfunction in both environmental and aquaculture studies. These parameters are commonly applied as prognostic and diagnostic tools in fish health status. However, there are both extrinsic and intrinsic factors to consider when performing a blood test, because a major limitation for field researchers is that the "rules" for animal or human haematology do not always apply to wildlife. The main objective of this review is to show how some environmental and xenobiotic factors are capable to modulating the haematic cells. Visualizing the strengths and limitations of a haematological analysis in the health assessment of wild and culture fish. Finally, we point out the importance of the use of mitochondrial activities as part of haematological evaluations associated to environment or aquaculture stress.
血液学参数（红细胞压积、血红蛋白浓度、白细胞和红细胞计数）的变化已被用作环境和水产养殖研究中有机功能障碍的污染和生理指标。这些参数通常作为鱼类健康状况的预后和诊断工具。然而，在进行血液检查时需要考虑到外在和内在因素，因为野外研究人员的主要限制是动物或人类血液学的“规则”并不总是适用于野生动物。本综述的主要目的是展示一些环境和外源性因素如何能够调节血液细胞。通过血液学分析在野生和养殖鱼类健康评估中的优势和局限性。最后，我们指出了将线粒体活性作为与环境或水产养殖应激相关的血液学评估的一部分的重要性。
