Garino Nadia, Sanvitale Pasquale, Dumontel Bianca, Laurenti Marco, Colilla Montserrat, Izquierdo-Barba Isabel, Cauda Valentina, Vallet-Regì Maria
Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy.
Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Sustainable Future Technologies, Via Livorno 60, 10144 Torino, Italy.
RSC Adv. 2019 Apr 11;9(20):11312-11321. doi: 10.1039/c8ra10236h.
In this paper we aim to analyse the behaviour of ZnO nanocrystals (ZnO NCs), prepared with a new synthetic approach and not embedded in any composite matrix, for bone implant applications . In particular, we have developed a novel, fast and reproducible microwave-assisted synthesis, to obtain highly-crystalline, round-shaped ZnO NCs of 20 nm in diameter as an extremely-stable colloidal solution in ethanol. The nanocrystals were also partially chemically functionalized by anchoring amino-propyl groups to the ZnO surface (ZnO-NH NCs). Thus, the role of both ZnO NC concentration and surface chemistry were tested in terms of biocompatibility towards pre-osteoblast cells, promotion of cell proliferation and differentiation, and also in terms of antimicrobial activity against Gram positive and negative bacteria, such as and , respectively. The results suggest that ZnO-NH NCs is the most promising candidate to solve infectious disease in bone implants and at the same time promote bone tissue proliferation, even at high concentrations. Although further investigations are needed to clarify the mechanism underlying the inhibition of biofilm formation and to investigate the role of the ZnO-NH NCs in assays, we demonstrated that fine and reproducible control over the chemical and structural parameters in ZnO nanomaterials can open up new horizons in the use of functionalized ZnO NCs as a highly biocompatible and osteoinductive nanoantibiotic agent for bone tissue engineering.
在本文中，我们旨在分析采用新合成方法制备且未嵌入任何复合基质的氧化锌纳米晶体（ZnO NCs）在骨植入应用中的行为。具体而言，我们开发了一种新颖、快速且可重复的微波辅助合成方法，以获得直径为20 nm的高度结晶、圆形的ZnO NCs，其在乙醇中形成极其稳定的胶体溶液。通过将氨基丙基锚定在ZnO表面（ZnO-NH NCs），纳米晶体还进行了部分化学功能化。因此，我们从对前成骨细胞的生物相容性、促进细胞增殖和分化以及对革兰氏阳性和阴性细菌（如分别为和）的抗菌活性方面，测试了ZnO NC浓度和表面化学的作用。结果表明，即使在高浓度下，ZnO-NH NCs也是解决骨植入物中传染病并同时促进骨组织增殖的最有前景的候选材料。尽管需要进一步研究以阐明抑制生物膜形成背后的机制并研究ZnO-NH NCs在测定中的作用，但我们证明，对ZnO纳米材料的化学和结构参数进行精细且可重复的控制，可以为将功能化ZnO NCs用作骨组织工程中具有高度生物相容性和骨诱导性的纳米抗生素开辟新的前景。
