São Carlos Institute of Physics - University of São Paulo (USP), 13566-590 São Carlos, Brazil.
São Carlos Institute of Physics - University of São Paulo (USP), 13566-590 São Carlos, Brazil.
Int J Pharm. 2019 Jun 10;564:379-409. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.04.067. Epub 2019 Apr 24.
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) displays interesting properties for biomedical applications such as high chemical stability, large surface area and tunable pores diameters and volumes, allowing the incorporation of large amounts of drugs, protecting them from deactivation and degradation processes acting as an excellent nanoplatform for drug delivery. However, the functional MSNs do not present the ability to transport the therapeutics without any leakage until reach the targeted cells causing side effects. On the other hand, the hydroxyls groups available on MSNs surface allows the conjugation of specific molecules which can binds to the overexpressed Enhanced Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) in many tumors, representing a potential strategy for the cancer treatment. Beyond that, the targeting molecules conjugate onto mesoporous surface increase its cell internalization and act as gatekeepers blocking the mesopores controlling the drug release. In this context, multifunctional MSNs emerge as stimuli-responsive controlled drug delivery systems (CDDS) to overcome drawbacks as low internalization, premature release before to reach the region of interest, several side effects and low effectiveness of the current treatments. This review presents an overview of MSNs fabrication methods and its properties that affects drug delivery as well as stimuli-responsive CDDS for cancer treatment.
介孔硅纳米粒子（MSNs）具有许多有趣的性质，可应用于生物医学领域，如化学稳定性高、比表面积大、孔径和孔体积可调，允许大量药物的掺入，保护药物免受失活和降解过程的影响，作为药物递送的优良纳米平台。然而，功能化的 MSNs 本身并没有在到达靶细胞之前将治疗剂运输而不发生任何泄漏的能力，这会导致副作用。另一方面，MSNs 表面上的羟基允许特定分子的连接，这些分子可以与许多肿瘤中过度表达的增强型生长因子受体（EGFR）结合，这代表了癌症治疗的一种潜在策略。除此之外，连接到介孔表面上的靶向分子会增加其细胞内化，并作为门控分子阻止介孔，从而控制药物释放。在这种情况下，多功能 MSNs 作为响应性控制药物递送系统（CDDS）出现，以克服当前治疗方法中存在的低内化、在到达靶区之前过早释放、多种副作用和低疗效等缺点。本文综述了 MSNs 的制备方法及其对药物递送的影响，以及用于癌症治疗的响应性 CDDS。
