Department of Biomechanics in Sports, Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 80992 Munich, Germany.
Olympic Training Center of Bavaria, 80809 Munich, Germany.
Sensors (Basel). 2019 Apr 29;19(9):2011. doi: 10.3390/s19092011.
In the past, technological issues limited research focused on ski jump landing. Today, thanks to the development of wearable sensors, it is possible to analyze the biomechanics of athletes without interfering with their movements. The aims of this study were twofold. Firstly, the quantification of the kinetic magnitude during landing is performed using wireless force insoles while 22 athletes jumped during summer training on the hill. In the second part, the insoles were combined with inertial motion units (IMUs) to determine the possible correlation between kinematics and kinetics during landing. The maximal normal ground reaction force (GRF) ranged between 1.1 and 5.3 body weight per foot independently when landing using the telemark or parallel leg technique. The GRF and impulse were correlated with flying time ( < 0.001). The hip flexions/extensions and the knee and hip rotations of the telemark front leg correlated with GRF ( = 0.689, = 0.040; = -0.670, = 0.048; = 0.820, = 0.007; respectively). The force insoles and their combination with IMUs resulted in promising setups to analyze landing biomechanics and to provide in-field feedback to the athletes, being quick to place and light, without limiting movement.
过去，技术问题限制了对跳台滑雪着陆的研究。如今，由于可穿戴传感器的发展，我们可以在不干扰运动员动作的情况下分析他们的生物力学。本研究有两个目的。首先，在 22 名运动员在夏季训练中从山上跳下时，使用无线测力鞋垫来量化着陆时的动力学幅度。在第二部分，将鞋垫与惯性运动单元（IMU）结合起来，以确定着陆过程中运动学和动力学之间的可能相关性。当使用回转式或平行式技术着陆时，每只脚的最大法向地面反作用力（GRF）范围在 1.1 到 5.3 倍体重之间。GRF 和冲量与飞行时间相关（<0.001）。回转式前腿的髋关节屈伸和膝关节及髋关节旋转与 GRF 相关（=0.689，=0.040；= -0.670，=0.048；=0.820，=0.007）。测力鞋垫及其与 IMU 的组合为分析着陆生物力学和为运动员提供现场反馈提供了有前景的设置，它们易于放置且轻便，不会限制运动。
