Experimental Gambling Research Laboratory, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD, 4670, Australia.
School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
J Gambl Stud. 2019 Dec;35(4):1147-1162. doi: 10.1007/s10899-019-09845-0.
Gambling exposes people to risk for harm, but also has recreational benefits. The present study aimed to measure gambling harm and gambling benefits on similar scales using two novel methods adapted from the Burden of Disease approach (McCormack et al. in Psychol Med 18(4):1007-1019, 1988; Torrance et al. in Health Serv Res 7(2):118-133, 1972) to find whether gambling either adds or subtracts from quality of life. A Tasmanian population-representative survey of 5000 adults (2534 female) from random digit dialling (RDD) of landline telephones in Tasmania (50%), as well as pre-screened Tasmanian RDD mobiles (17%) and listed mobile numbers (33%), measured gambling benefits and harms amongst gamblers (59.2%) and a non-exclusive set of people who were "affected" by someone else's gambling (4.5%). The majority of gamblers indicated no change to their quality of life from gambling (82.5% or 72.6% based on direct elicitation or time trade off methods, respectively). Nevertheless, a weighted average of all the positive and negative influences on quality of life, inclusive of gamblers and affected others, revealed that the quality of life change from gambling is either a very modest + 0.05% or a more concerning - 1.9% per capita. Gambling generates only small or negative net consumer surpluses for Tasmanians.
赌博使人们面临伤害的风险，但也有娱乐性的好处。本研究旨在使用两种从疾病负担方法（McCormack 等人，1988 年，《心理医学》18（4）：1007-1019；Torrance 等人，1972 年，《卫生服务研究》7（2）：118-133）改编的新方法来衡量赌博的危害和收益，以类似的尺度来衡量，以确定赌博是否会增加或减少生活质量。对来自塔斯马尼亚随机拨号（RDD）电话的 5000 名成年人（女性 2534 名），以及经过预筛选的塔斯马尼亚 RDD 手机（17%）和列出的手机号码（33%）进行了塔斯马尼亚代表性人口调查，测量了赌徒（59.2%）和非独家组别人群（4.5%）的赌博收益和危害。大多数赌徒表示赌博对他们的生活质量没有改变（直接询问或时间交易方法分别为 82.5%或 72.6%）。然而，所有对生活质量产生积极和消极影响的加权平均值，包括赌徒和受影响的其他人，表明从赌博中获得的生活质量变化非常微小，为+0.05%，或者更令人担忧的是-1.9%。赌博为塔斯马尼亚人带来的净消费者盈余很小或为负。
