Silva-Rocha Viviane Vedovato, de Sousa Diogo Araújo, Osório Flávia L
Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
Department of Psychology, Pio Tenth College, Aracaju, Brazil.
Front Psychol. 2019 Apr 16;10:806. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00806. eCollection 2019.
Competitive anxiety (CA) is an emotional reaction manifested at a somatic and/or cognitive level that regularly appears before or during sports competitions and can significantly impact an athlete's performance. Given the scarcity of validated instruments available for evaluating the competitive-anxiety trait in the Brazilian context, this study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2). The study sample was composed of 238 professional and amateur athletes aged 13 years or older who practice different sports modalities. The results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed adequate fit indices of the original three-factor theoretical model of the SAS-2 after including a correlation between the errors for items 6 and 12 of the somatic anxiety subscale (CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.08, WRMR = 1.04). For convergent and divergent validity, the SAS-2 subscales exhibited a positive and strong correlations with the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2R (CSAI-2R; = 0.52-0.82), weak to moderate correlations with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory - only the trait scale (STAI-T; = 0.49-0.59), weak correlations with the Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN; = 0.29-0.41) and weak to moderate correlations with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9; = 0.49-0.56). The SAS-2 was also able to discriminate among participants with and without social anxiety, general trait anxiety and depressive symptoms, thus confirming its discriminant validity. According to ROC curve analysis, the cutoff point at a score of 29 indicated the optimal balance of sensitivity (0.74) and specificity (0.82). The internal consistency (α = 0.73-0.86) and the test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.73-0.80) were satisfactory. These results indicated that the Brazilian version of the SAS-2 exhibited satisfactory psychometric performance and could be used in the Brazilian context.
竞技焦虑（CA）是一种在躯体和/或认知层面表现出来的情绪反应，经常出现在体育比赛之前或期间，并且会显著影响运动员的表现。鉴于在巴西背景下可用于评估竞技焦虑特质的有效工具稀缺，本研究旨在调查运动焦虑量表-2（SAS-2）的心理测量特性。研究样本由238名13岁及以上的专业和业余运动员组成，他们从事不同的运动项目。验证性因素分析（CFA）结果显示，在纳入躯体焦虑子量表中第6项和第12项误差之间的相关性后，SAS-2原始三因素理论模型具有良好的拟合指数（CFI = 0.97，TLI = 0.96，RMSEA = 0.08，WRMR = 1.04）。对于聚合效度和区分效度，SAS-2子量表与竞技状态焦虑量表-2R（CSAI-2R；= 0.52 - 0.82）呈强正相关，与状态-特质焦虑量表（仅特质量表，STAI-T；= 0.49 - 0.59）呈弱至中度相关，与社交恐惧症量表（SPIN；= 0.29 - 0.41）呈弱相关，与患者健康问卷（PHQ-9；= 0.49 - 0.56）呈弱至中度相关。SAS-2还能够区分有无社交焦虑、一般特质焦虑和抑郁症状的参与者，从而证实了其区分效度。根据ROC曲线分析，得分为29的临界值表明敏感性（0.74）和特异性（0.82）达到最佳平衡。内部一致性（α = 0.73 - 0.86）和重测信度（ICC = 0.73 - 0.80）令人满意。这些结果表明，巴西版的SAS-2表现出令人满意的心理测量性能，可在巴西背景下使用。
